Bio 20 Unit C

• Leaves appear green


  Because chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs other colours
• Photosynthesis

  CO₂ + H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆
• Light dependent reactions


  Occur in the thylakoids
• Light independent reactions


  Occur in the stroma
• Water is oxidized and carbon dioxide is reduced in photosynthesis
• Cellular respiration


  Glucose and oxygen produce CO₂, H₂O, and ATP
• Aerobic cellular respiration


  1. Glycolysis

  2. Pyruvate oxidation

  3. Krebs cycle

  4. Electron transport chain
• Exothermic reaction


  Releases energy
• Anaerobic cellular respiration


  Quicker but less efficient than aerobic
• Glycolysis


  2 ATP
• Krebs Cycle


  2 ATP
• ETC + Chemiosmosis


  32 ATP
• Alcohol fermentation


  Produces ethanol
• Lactic Acid Fermentation


  Produces lactic acid
• Anaerobic cellular respiration is faster than aerobic but it only generates 2 ATP per glucose molecule
• Cellular respiration types


  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
• Aerobic cellular respiration


  36 ATP, 24 P, in humans and plants
• Anaerobic cellular respiration


  In yeast and some bacteria, produces ethanol or lactic acid
• In cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced