Distance speed and acceleration physics

• Speed


  The speed of an object to cover a specific distance
• Instantaneous speed


  • The speed of an object at a particular instant
• How to measure speed

  1. Distance

  2. Time
• Speed

  • distance
  • time
• Acceleration


  The change of speed (increase) in a given time interval
• Calculating acceleration

  1. change in velocity (m/s)

  2. Time (s)
• Thinking distance


  The distance the car travels when the driver detects the hazard and applies the brakes
• Braking distance


  The distance the car travels from when the brakes are applied to when the car stops
• Stopping distance


  1. Thinking distance

  2. Braking distance
• Thinking distance

  The distance the car travels from when the brakes are applied
• Braking distance

  The distance the car travels until it stops
• Stopping distance

  Thinking distance + braking distance
• Stopping distance


  1. Thinking distance

  2. Braking distance
• Alcohol


  Increases thinking distance
• Mobile phones


  Increase thinking distance
• Ice can increase braking distance
• Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
• Gravity = 10 on earth
• Newton’s first law

  • a moving object will continue to move the same speed and direction unless an external force acts on it
• Newton’s second law

  • acceleration depends on mass and force
• Resultant force = mass x acceleration
• hookes law 


  Force = spring constant x extension
• Spring constant = force needed to produce an extension of 1m
• Force = change of momentum divided by change in time
• Momentum = mass x velocity
• What is the structure of the solar system

  • mercury
  • venus
  • earth
  • mars
  • jupiter
  • saturn
  • uranus
  • neptune
• Life cycle of stars

  • dust + gas
  • protostar
  • main sequence star
  • red giant
  • white dwarf
  • black dwarf
  • super red giant
  • super nova
  • neutron star
  • massive black hole
• The Big Bang theory


  One explosion started the universe. the starting point being smaller than a full stop. You can back this up by tracing the galaxies as shows they all start in the sams

  place.
• Red shift

  • explanation of how sound can get quite or louder the closer or further away it is
• cosmic microwave background radiation

  • radiation left everywhere, explains how there was an explosion. shows the universe was part of an explosion
• Radiocarbon dating

  • you know the halve life + can date bones and objects
• Smoke alarms


  Senses the alpha radiation if smoke blocks it then it stops the circuit working and triggers the alarm
• Dispose of low level radioactive materials

  Put in drum surrounded by concrete and put In landfill
• Disposal of intermediate level of radioactive materials

  Put in drum and mix with concrete and put in purpose built stone
• Dispose of high level radioactive materials

  Store underwater for 20 years and put in storage underground with fresh air pumped in
• nuclear fission

  • neutron released and hits into nuclei
  • nuclei less stable + loads of energy and splits into daughter cells
  • energy gets bigger, 4 more neutrons released and splits into daughter nuclei
  • called chain reaction, spontaneous and occurs naturally
• Pros of nuclear energy

  • fuel is cheap
  • doesn’t release greenhouse gasses
• cons of nuclear energy

  • power plants expensive to build
  • nuclear waste expensive to get rid of
• Control rods


  Can be lowered to absorb neutrons and controls rate of fission
• fuel rods


  Containing the radioactive material. Kept thin to allow easy emissions of neutrons