Section B - Medicine Through Time

• What did William Harvey do that helped advance surgery? [1]

  He discovered the blood circulatory system which indicated how the heart acted as pump.
• During the Black Death why did people revert to God? [2]


  As they started to doubt if God had caused disease as punishment during the Plague in 1348 and therefore the new Black Death made them fear that God sent this disease as a punishment for their doubt.
• What did the government do to prevent the Black Death in 1665? [2]

  Kill 40 000 cats and 20 000 dogs. Burn tar to provide a nice smell in the towns
• Who was Thomas Sydenham? [3]

  He observed symptoms and treated symptoms individually rather than as a whole. This discredited Galen's theory. His book was Observation of Medici
• Why did most of the population follow Galen's ideas? [2]

  • Church had approved of his theory as it followed their teaching
  • no one had an idea of what caused disease and he was a scientist
• What did Edward Jenna discover? [2]

  That milkmaids didn't receive small pox and that is because milk pox is a smaller version of small pox.
• What was Jenna's breakthrough? [1]

  He made a vaccination against small pox by injecting people with milk pox, a weaker version of the more deadly disease.
• What did Louie Pasteur discover?

  That germs cause disease
• How did Florence Nightingale make a significant contribution to medicine?

  Improved hospitals, cleanliness and hygiene, made nursing a profession, a book on Notes on Nursing and redesigned hospitals
• Why was there opposition to chloroform? [2]

  Death rates increased as the dosages of chloroform needed to be precise. Hannah Greener died due to chloroform when having toe infection
• What did Joseph Lister do? [2]

  He soaked carbolic acid and placed them over wounds. Used Vesalius theory in medicine so he placed carbolic acid in wounds instead of seaweed.
• Why was John Snow's work significant? [2]

  Cholera was caused by dirty drinking water which was found in pipes in Broad Way Street. His discovery led to the 1875 Public Health Act
• Name the 2 Magic Bullets [2]

  Salvarson 606
• Why did the first magic bullet cure?

  Syphilis (STD)
• What did the second magic bullet cure?

  Poisoning