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• Mindanao


  Known in the Philippines as the "Land of Promise"
• Major islands of Mindanao

  • Mindanao mainland
  • Camiguin
  • Siargao
  • Samal
  • Dinagat
  • Bucas Grande
  • Basilan
  • Sulu
  • Tawi-Tawi
• Regions of Mindanao


  • BARMM
  • CARAGA
  • Davao
  • Northern Mindanao
  • SoCCSKSarGen
  • Zamboanga Peninsula
• Davao City


  • Most populous place in Mindanao
  • Mt. Apo is located, known as the highest point in the Philippines
• Famous landmarks in Mindanao

  • Sunken Cemetery in Camiguin Island
  • The Grand Mosque of Cotabato
  • Dapitan
  • Zamboanga City
  • Islamic City of Marawi
• Languages in Mindanao

  • Cebuano
  • Tagabawa
  • Hiligaynon
  • Mansaka
  • Sangirese
  • Obo
  • Sarangani
  • Mandaya
  • Kalagan
  • Giangon
  • Dibabawon
• Ethnic groups in Mindanao

  • Lumads: Subanons, Bukidnon, Ata Manobos, Mamanwas, Matigsalugs, Agusan Manobos, Talaandigs, Kamigins, Higaonons, T'Bolis, Tirurays, B'laans, Saranganis, Cotabato Manobos, Obos, Mandayas, Giangans, Tagabawas, Kalagans, Sangirese, Mansakas
  • Moros: Maguindanaos, Maranaos, Tausugs, Yakans, Iranuns, Samas
  • Others: Butuanons, Surigaonons, Kagay-anons, Zamboangueños, Hiligaynons, Cebuanos, Bajaos
• Mindanao Muslim folk literature


  Rich variety of folktales, myths, legends, poems, epics, ballads, riddles, and proverbs
• Folktales in Mindanao

  • Kana-kana (from Jama Mapun and Sama)
  • Totol (from Maranao)
  • Tudtol (from Iranon)
  • Katakata (from Tausug)
  • Oman-oman (from Davaoeños)
  • Tudtolan (from Maguindanao)
• Famous folktales in Mindanao

  • Agamaniyog Folktales from Maranao
  • Manuk-manuk Bulawan from Indanan (also known as Agta and Datu Dakula)
  • Posong or Pusung from Tausug
• Famous epics in Mindanao

  • Bantugan - Maranao epic
  • Indarapatra and Sulayman - Maguindanao epic
  • Parang Sabil hi Abdulla iban hi Isara - Tausug epic/ballad
• Filipinos have lack of access to the textual materials of the oral literature of Mindanao
• Literature scholars concluded that the people themselves don't seem to realise that their cultural products are already vanishing due to lack of literary preservation
• The people of Mindanao seem to be preoccupied in mundane with politics and economics
• Modern Mindanao literature themes

  • War and conflict
  • Quest for peace
  • Social inequality
  • Landlessness
  • Love of one's land
• Mindanao Harvest 4: A 21st Century Literary Anthology was published in 2018 by Far Eastern University (FEU) Publications
• This anthology is said to be the first comprehensive literary anthology on Mindanao's contemporary literatures including 63 Mindanao writers
• Antonio Enriquez


  Born in 1936 and raised in Zamboanga, initially studied medicine in Manila, later worked odd jobs and with a surveying firm in Cotabato, his experiences in the province became the basis of his award-winning short stories and novels, earned a degree in creative writing and a teaching position at Silliman University, wrote several books including novels Subanons and The Living and the Dead, and short story collections Spots on Their Wings and Dance a White Horse to Sleep, produced three more books before passing away in 2014: The Activist, The Survivors, and Twice Told Subanon Tales
• Telesforo Sungkit Jr.

  From Sumilao, Bukidnon, author of Ananaw (The Beloved) and Anijun (The Shining One), a farmer and natural farming advocate, author of Batbat hi Udan (The story of udan), considered to be the first Lumad novel, won the NCCA Writers' Prize 2007 for his Cebuano novel "Mga Gapnod sa Kamad-an" and the NCCA Writers Prize 2011 for his Cebuano Novel "Ang Agalon sa mga Balod", recipient of the NBDB Trust Fund for writers for his Cebuano novel-in-progress "Mga Antoka sa Balagbatbat"
• Work: Green Sanctuary [Antonio Enriquez]
• Work: I, Higaonon