PURCOM

• Language register


  • A speaker modifies their language register to signal levels of formality according to their relationship to their audience and intended purpose of speech
• Formal register


  Appropriate for professional writing and letters to a boss, or someone we are meeting for the first time
• Formal register guidelines


  • Do not use contractions
  • Spell-out numbers less than one hundred
  • Avoid using too much passive voice
  • Avoid using slang, idioms, exaggerations, and cliches
  • Avoid abbreviations and acronyms
  • Use good transitions words
  • Write in sentences
  • Write longer, more complex sentences
• Neutral register


  • reviews
  • articles
  • feature writings (especially those that targets younger audiences)
• Thomas Bertram Reid


  The linguist who first used the term 'register' in 1956
• Register is a variation according to the user affected by other variables like social background, geography, gender, age, among others
• Varieties of World Englishes

  • American English (AmE)
  • Australian English (AuE)
  • Black English
  • British English (BrE)
  • World Englishes (WE)
• English as a Specific Language refers to the differences between American English and British English
• Globalization


  A term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into a more connected and interdependent place
• News and issues to contemplate

  • Ukraine versus Russia
  • 'Woman, life, liberty': Iranians on why they will risk beatings and death for change
  • COVID-19
  • Is Pink Still a 'Girl Color'?
  • Gender pronouns
• How do cultural and global issues affect communication?


  1. How was communication back then, and now?

  2. What is the role of social media to globalization?
• Globalization


  The result of communication and assimilation among individuals, ethnicities, race, institutions, governments of various nations supported by technology and are compelled by international trade
• From exposure to diversity

  • People become sensitive to cultures and value the differences of people in their gender preference, color, age, religion, affiliation, ethnicity, education, social, economic status, and political beliefs
• Global Communication


  The term used to describe ways to connect, share, relate and mobilize across geographic, political, economic, social and cultural divides
• Diversity


  Recognition and Valuing Differences
• Effects of Globalization


  • Entrepreneurial Marvels
  • Increase of Social Awareness
  • Two Worlds and Inspiration via Cyber Space
  • The Challenge
• Globalization


  Has influenced global communication by implementing new techniques for business conduct among workers at international corporations
• Long-distance travels are no longer necessary for business
• Availability of information, which is a direct effect of the development of global communication systems, has led to an increased social awareness of people across the world
• One research conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) indicated that at least 70 percent of the majority of people in Africa have never made a single phone call or accessed the Internet
• Purposive communication


  Intentional and goal-oriented communication aimed at achieving a specific objective or purpose
• Purposive communication


  • Conveys information with clarity and precision to effectively inform, persuade, or engage the intended audience
  • Emphasizes the deliberate selection of content, tone, medium, and delivery method to achieve desired outcomes
• Communication


  • A process by which information is exchanged through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior
  • Involves sending and receiving message or information in a manner that the message was understood by the audience
• Types of communication according to mode

  • Verbal communication
  • Non-verbal communication
  • Visual communication
• Verbal communication


  The use of words to convey a message
• Non-verbal communication


  The use of body language to convey a message
• Visual communication


  The type of communication that uses visuals to convey information and/or messages
• Types of communication according to context

  • Intrapersonal communication
  • Interpersonal communication
  • Extended communication
  • Intercultural communication
  • Organizational communication
• Intrapersonal communication


  A person's communication with himself or herself
• Interpersonal communication


  An interactive exchange of information between two people, among and/or together with others
• Intercultural communication


  Interaction between or among people having different linguistic, religious, ethnic, social, and professional background
• Organizational communication


  Communication that takes place between people who are working towards common goals within an organization
• Organizational communication - formal structure

  • Allows communication to take place via designated channels of message flow between positions in the organization
  • Upward communication - subordinates send communication to their superiors bearing their views/feedbacks on organizational policies, issues related to their jobs, and the like
  • Downward communication - from superior to subordinate, usually asking certain individuals to perform a certain task
  • Horizontal communication - the communication across departments or with peers of equal rank in the organization, also known as lateral communication
  • Crosswise communication - the communication from different units or departments working at various levels
• Organizational communication - informal structure


  Comes from unofficial channels of message flow
• Formal communication


  Employs formal language delivered orally or in written form such as lectures, public talks/speeches, research and project proposals, reports, and business letters
• Informal communication


  Involves personal and ordinary conversations with friends, family members, or acquaintances about anything under the sun to simply socialize and enhance relationships
• Communication models


  • Aristotle's communication model
  • Laswell's communication model
  • Shannon-Weaver's communication model
  • Berlo's communication model
• Aristotle's communication model


  • Categorized into three components: Ethos (the characteristic that defines the credibility of the speaker), Pathos (helps the speaker to connect with the audience through various emotions), Logos (signifies logic and the use of statistics and facts)
• Laswell's communication model


  Focuses on the following Ws: Who says, What in Which channel to Whom and with What effect
• Shannon-Weaver's communication model


  Introduced in 1949 for Bell Laboratories, originally for radio and television model for technical communication then later adopted in the field of communication