Science

• What is Mechanical advantage?

  Mechanical advantage is a measure of how much a force is increased by using a tool or machine.
• Why is IMA not the same as MA?

  Because... IMA does not count friction.
• What is a Mechanism?

  A mechanism is made up of several machines that work together to perform a specific function.
• What are Six simple machines?

  Lever, Pulley, Wheel & Axle, Inclined plane, Wedge, Screw.
• What does a simple machine required to do work?

  Input force
• When two simple machines work together, it creates a mechanism.
• A first class lever has the fulcrum in the middle, and the input and output force move opposite ways.
• A second class lever has the fulcrum at the end. The input for and output force move in the same direction.
• A third class lever has the fulcrum at the very end. The input force and the output force move in the same direction.
• What is a contact force?

  A force that is applied by objects in contact with eachother.
• What is action at a force?

  When the first object applies a force, it will push back on you.
• What is mass?

  Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
• What is weight?

  Force due to gravity of an object.
• What is the Mechanical Advantage of a lever?

  MA= fout/fin
• What is the Ideal Mechanical Advantage of a Wheel & Axle?

  IMA= ra/rw (force applies to axle/ force applied to wheel)
• What is the Ideal Mechanical Advantage of a lever?

  IMA= din/dout (distance in/distance out)
• What is Input Force?


  Input foce is the force you apply to a machine or object.
• What is output force?

  Output force is the result of pushing a object (and it moving forwards)
• What is an example of a wedge?

  A wedge is an inclined plane that travels through an object. (i.e: an axe)
• How do you find the IMA of a pulley?

  IMA of a pulley is equal to the amount of support ropes.
• What does an inclined plane do?

  An inclined plane increases the distance you have to move, but it reduces the amount of the.. force.
• What is the IMA of a ramp?

  length/ height
• What is energy?

  Energy is the ability to do work.
• What is the unit for energy?

  Joule
• What is thermal energy?

  Thermal energy occurs when there is a rise in tempurature. This causes atoms and molecules collide with eachother.
• What are examples or contact forces?

  Jumping on a trampoline.
• What is gravitational potential energy?

  Any object that has the potential to fall.
• What is work?

  Work is done when a force causes something to move and energy is transferred.
• What is the formula for work?

  W= force x distance
• When is work only done?

  When the object moves in the direction of the force.
• What is Kinetic Energy?

  Kinetic energy occurs when the object is moving.
• What happens when the input is applied to the axle?

  The IMA is less than 1.
• What happens when the input is applies to the wheel?

  The Ima is greater than 1.
• What is friction?

  When two object rub against eachother, they heat up, creating... friction.
• What is potential energy?

  Potential energy is stored energy. (When an object is at rest it has stored energy.)
• What is a screw?

  It is an inclined plane wrapped around a rod.
• What can a pulley do?

  A pulley can change the direction of the force.
• What are Automated systems?

  Automated systems replace a job with a.. machine.
• What are the four criteria's for assesing a system?

  • efficiency
  • cost
  • safety
  • enviornmental impact
• What do machines increase in Automated Systems?

  They increase productivity.