Additional

• Anatomical position


  Basis in locating organs/body parts
• Quadrants


  Based on abdominal region
• Regions


  Identify what organ is affected
• Body planes


  use to identify orientation of body parts/organs
• Hypo


  Low
• Chondriac


  Rib cartilage
• Coronal


  Divides the body from anterior to posterior
• Midsagittal


  Divides the body into two equal halves (L/R)
• Sagittal


  Same cut (L/R) but not equal
• Horizontal 


  Divides the body form superior to inferior
• Oblique


  It’s different from horizontal is its direction
• Anterior 


  Refers to the front side of the body
• Posterior 


  Refers to the backside of the body
• Medial


  Towards/away the midline of the body
• Lateral


  Away from the midline of the body
• Proximal


  Near at the point of attachment
• Distal


  Away from the point of attachment
• Superior 


  Refers to the up/top of the body
• Inferior 


  Refers to the down/below of the body
• Superficial 


  Upper layer
• Deep


  Inner layer
• Cephalad


  Towards the head
• Caudal


  Towards the feet
• Supine


  Lying down position facing up
• Prone


  Lying down position facing down
• Lateral


  Side
• Recumbent


  lying down
• Lithotomy


  Mother giving birth
• Trendelenburg


  Feet is higher than the head (poor blood circulation)
• Fowlers 


  Head is higher than the feet 90° (poor respiration)
• Semi fowlers


  Head is higher 15-20° (nausea)
• Sims position 


  Side way- best for insertion of catheter
• Fractures


  discontinuity or disruption in bones caused by mechanical force
• Dislocation


  disruption of the normal articulating anatomy of a joint
• Subluxation


  (partial dislocation)
• Open


  one in which skin is disrupted
• Closed


  one in which the skin is intact over the fracture site
• Simple


  there are only two major fragments and one fracture line
• Comminuted


  there are multiple fragments of bone and multiple fracture lines
• Complete


  the fracture line goes completely across the bone