quiz #3

• gases have no definite shape or volume

  • fills any container and assumes its shape and volume
• gas diffuses

  • any two gases can combine and mix evenly within a container
• gas is highly compressible

  • can easily reduce the volume or size
• gas exerts pressure (force) on the walls of their container
• pressure depends on their temperature

  • higher pressure = higher temperature
• temperature is the kinetic energy of the gas particles
• the kinetic molecular theory is the foundation of gas laws
• gas particles are made of tiny particles that are far apart relative to their size
• gas particles are in a rapid, continuous, and random motion
• collision between gas particles and between particles and the container walls are elastic

  • after colliding, they bounce off
  • no net loss of ke
  • ke can be transferred
  • total ke remains the same as long as the temperature is unchanged
• there are no attractive forces between gas particles under normal conditions of temperature and pressure

  • gas molecules move too fast, are too far apart, and the attraction between them is too weak
• boyle's gas law

  • volume and pressure is inversely proportional
  • standard pressure: 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr
  • p₁v₁ = p₂v₂
  • p₁ and p₂ should have the same unit
• charles' gas law

  • volume and temperature is directly proportional
  • standard temperature: 273 k
  • k = °c + 273
  • temperature should always be in kelvin
  • v₁t₂ = v₂t₁