CBT

• CBT is a form of therapy based on the principle that our thoughts influence our emotions and the behaviour that follows, pioneered by Aaron Beck.
• for the cognitive elements of CBT, the key aspect is to replace faulty thought patterns, this is often done through cognitive restructuring.
• the behavioural element is where the client is encouraged to engage in "reality testing" either as a role-play in a session or "homework."
• 1. dysfunctional thought diary


  • requires clients to record the event leading up to any unpleasant emotions, record the automatic negative thoughts associated with the event and rate how much they believe in them on a 0-100% scale.
  • they must then write a rational response, rate their belief in this, and then finally re-rate their belief in the automatic thought.
• 2. cognitive restructuring


  • this involves the client and therapist working together to identify and change negative thinking patterns.
  • once these irrational beliefs have been uncovered they are challenged by the therapist by questioning the client, and asking them to provide evidence for their beliefs.
  • over time, these challenges result in changes to cognition, leading to a shift in dysfunctional behaviour.
• 3. pleasant activity scheduling


  • the client is asked to plan for each day one pleasant activity to engage in.
  • it could be something that gives a sense of accomplishment or a break from the normal routine.
  • engaging in these activities should induce more positive emotions and distract from negative thinking patterns - this is a behavioural activation technique.