ENG 229

• Personification is giving human characteristics to non-human objects, animals, or ideas.
• Simile is a figure of speech where one thing is compared to another using "like" or "as".
• Irony is saying something opposite from what's expected.
• Allusion

  An implied or indirect reference especially in literature.
• Litotes Understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of the contrary.
• Metonymy A figure of speech consisting of the use of the name of one thing for that of another of which it is an attribute or with which it is associated (such as “crown” in “lands belonging to the crown”)
• Epiphora —is a rhetorical term for the repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. Contrast with anaphora (rhetoric).
• Simile

  Rachel is as bright as the sun.
• Metaphor – The whole world is a stage.
• Apostrophe – O William, you should be living now to see all this.
• Synecdoche – We need more hands to help us move this cupboard
• Haiku | B. An ancient Asian poem
• Poetry


  A genre of literature that utilizes an artistic use of sound devices and figurative language to paint meaningful pictures and meaning
• Poetry


  Evokes an emotional response through the use of creative language and symbolism
• Poets


  Usually hide meanings in words and images, so readers and students will develop critical thinking in trying to feel the words and locate meaning using their human experience
• Poetry


  • Vital for young readers since it helps them to enjoy reading through the use of rhythmic patterns
• Poetry reading


  • Motivates students to develop their literacy skills, enhance their vocabulary by being exposed to new and unfamiliar words and build phonemic awareness
• Poetry


  • Develops children's essential skills and makes them potential strong readers and writers
• Teaching poetry is necessary for every classroom
• Poetry


  • Aids students in understanding ideas and respects different perspectives
• General characteristics of poetry


  • Creative way of writing and expressing and does not necessarily follow strict grammatical structures
  • Deliberate rhythmical patterns and metric structures (in traditional poetry)
  • Stronger visual characteristics with a deliberate line break
  • Apparent use of sound devices
  • Grouping of ideas into stanzas
  • A limited number of words
  • Aesthetic appeal
  • Creative expression of feelings, imaginations, and meaning
  • Needs more reading and reflecting
• Types of poetry for children and adolescents


  • Nursery rhymes
  • Haiku
  • Limerick
  • Narrative poems
  • Calligram poems
  • Kenning poems
  • Free verse
  • Sonnets
• Nursery Rhymes


  A type of poetry for children and adolescents
• Nursery rhymes


  Part of the oral traditions presented in short verses or songs that are often memorized or sung by children
• Nursery rhymes


  • Marked by rhymes and rhythm
  • Vary in style, tone, and theme
• Mother Goose rhymes


  Fairy tales of Charles Perrault, a French author, translated to English
• Famous Mother Goose nursery rhymes


  • Are You Sleeping
  • Cock-a-doodle-do
  • Gerorgie Porgie
  • Itsy Bitsy spider
  • Little Boo-Beep
  • Mary Had a Little Lamb
  • Ring a-Round Rosie
• The popularity of nursery rhymes coincided with the rise of popularity of children's literature, especially during the 18 and 19 centuries