art

• Modernism


  The shift from the classics to the era of modern art, starting between the 1860's up to the late 1970's
• Modern art


  • Innovative, non-traditional, and very modern
• Edouard Manet


  Father of Modern Art, believed to be the first modern artist, his piece strayed away from being realistic and three-dimensional
• Fauvism


  A joyful style of painting known for its use of bold colors, developed in France at the beginning of the 20th Century by Henri Matisse and Andre Derain
• Surrealism


  An art movement inspired by scientific research, Freudian psychology and dream interpretation, portraying reality and intensity of the subconscious mind
• Cubism


  The most influential art style of the 20th century, Cubists try to show all sides of an object, reducing recognizable images to geometric forms, invented around 1907 by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braques in Paris
• Dadaism


  Attacked the established values in art, declared absurdity in all its convention and destroyed the notion of art as well
• Contemporary art


  Art made by the artists of today, heavily driven by ideas and theories, not restricted to individual experience but reflective of the world we live in, expanded to more experimental ventures with new formats
• Abstract Expressionism


  Took the concepts of abstraction and combined it with gesture techniques, mark-making, and spontaneity in visual articulation, emphasized the power of colors
• Op/Optical Art


  Relied on creating an illusion to inform the experience of the artwork, making it seem like the subject is protruding out of the background to create movement
• Kinetic Art


  Presence of actual movement in artworks
• Gutai


  Japanese origin, multiplatforms like performance, theatrical events, installations, and even painting, with the goal of exploring the materiality of the implements used in performance and the relationship between the body, movements, and spirit during creation
• Minimalism


  Extreme type of abstraction that favored geometric shapes, color fields, and the use of objects and materials that had an industrial feel, emphasizes the materiality of the work
• Pop Art


  Draws inspiration from pop media, such as commercial culture, aimed to elevate popular culture as something at par with fine art
• Postmodernism


  The most prominent movement that solidified the contemporary era, the formalization of the old techniques and views of modernism and claiming for better arts for the 20th century, included conceptual art, neo-expressionism, feminist art, etc.
• Neo-Pop Art


  In the 1980s, a renewed interest in pop art especially to Andy Warhol's works and his contemporaries, appropriated some of the first ideas of Dada in which ready-made materials were used for the artwork
• Photorealism


  A painstaking attention to detail is aimed, without asserting an artist's personal style, the drawings and paintings are so immaculate that it starts to look like a photo without a direct reference to the artist
• Conceptualism


  The idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work, all of the planning and decisions are made beforehand and execution is a perfunctory affair
• Performance Art


  May be planned or spontaneous and done live or recorded, not about the medium or the format but how a specific context is made in which through engagement or interaction, questions, concerns, and conditions will be fleshed out
• Installation Art


  A kind of an immersive work where the environment or the space in which the viewer steps into or interacts with is transformed or altered, usually large-scale and makes use of a host of objects, materials, conditions and even light and aural components
• Earth Art


  Different from environmental art in a sense that does not focus on the subject (environmental issue or concerns) but rather on landscapes manipulation and the materials used, taken directly from the ground or vegetation (rocks or twigs)
• Street Art


  Related to graffiti art as it is a by-product of the rise of graffiti in the 1980s, these works are most commonly found in the public sphere and include murals, stenciled images, stickers, and installation or installative/sculptural objects usually out of common objects and techniques
• Stone Age


  Period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival
• Stone Age roughly spans

  14,000-2,000 BCE
• Three Periods of Stone Age

  • Paleolithic - late years of the old Stone Age
  • Mesolithic - Middle Stone Age
  • Neolithic - New Stone Age
• Unearthing of archeological artifacts and remains provides modern society a glimpse of the beliefs, practices, and activities of early civilization
• The motives and reasons behind the creation of ancient materials such as sculptures, painting, and architectural structures may not be clearly defined
• Early people produced materials that reflect their attitudes and belief system on spiritual, social, political, and economic matters
• As the early humans started to transition from being nomads to permanent settlers, their everyday activities also had some changes, which is evident through the materials and even the works of art they have created
• Despite changes as a result of adapting to their environment, there are central themes in their artworks. Most ancient artworks depict religious symbols, a wide array of organisms from nature and activities of everyday life
• Paleolithic Art


  Product of climate change, as the climate got colder, early humans looked for shelters in caves which paved the way for the birth of their first attempt to create art
• Paleolithic Art


  • Halls of Bulls found in a cave in Lascaux, France
• Mesolithic Art


  The "Venus of Willendorf" - a highly abstracted woman figure highlighting body parts associated with fertility, representing the importance of these body parts for procreation and survival of species
• Neolithic Art


  • Stonehenge in England - its purpose remains a mystery, some regard it as a temple, others see it as a complex calendar tracking the movements of the Sun and Moon, others associate it with Merlin the Magician

  
• The Egyptian civilization can be divided into three periods: Old, Middle, and New Kingdom
• For the Egyptians, art should be something religious and spiritual, with differences in techniques used and style emphasized, but common denominators among the artworks created during their respective time periods
• Narmer Palette


  • Utilized and applied dark colors around King Narmer's eyes, a symbol commemorating the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt
• The Great Pyramid of Giza


  • Architectural wonder constructed during the Old Kingdom, serving as tombs to provide a resting place for the pharaohs
• Queen Nefertiti


  • Emphasis on life-like features of the face like an elongate jaw and thick-lidded eyes, naturalism used to depict the pharaoh and members of the royal family, with a long and sensuous neck
• King Tutankhamen


  • Became king at a very young age and died at 18, his tomb discovered in 1922 with astonishing gold artworks and a gold mask covering his face