Transcriptional factors bind to genes and control protein synthesis and increased or decreased polypeptides produced impact whether genes are turned on or off.
Transcriptional factors (proteins) bind to base sequences and initiate transcription of the gene (turned on).
Oestrogen complementary to the binding site change the structure of the DNA binding site if they bind to it, now complementary DNA (activated transcriptional factor), RNA polymerase can now attach.