Geothermal Hazards

• A landslide is a ground movement on a sloping terrain.
• Soil Creep Landslideis - a very slow downslope movement of particles that occurs in every slope covered with loose, weathered material

  
• Slumping Landslide - is a downward movement of rock debris, usually the consequence of removal of buttressing earth at the foot of a slope of unconsolidated material

  
• Debris Flow Landslide - happens when the slope becomes saturated with water, this then triggers a landslide of water-soaked mass of rock and soil that slides down the slope.

  
• Rock Fall landslides - are sudden slides caused by heavy rain the rock on the slope loosens and then slides down the slope.

  
• A sinkhole is a topographic depression created when groundwater dissolves the underlying limestone bedrock. Often known as "sink" or "doline,".
• Characteristics of sinkholes

  •occur in areas where the soil foundation is made of soft minerals and rocks such as limestone, salt beds, or any acidic rocks.

  •The depth of sinkholes ranges from a couple of meters to several mile deep.
• Cover Collapse Sinkhole - It develops suddenly (over an hour period) thus, causing catastrophic damage.
• Cover Subsidence Sinkhole - It gradually grows where the sediment covers are permeable and contain sand.
• Dissolution Sinkhole - It occurs in areas where calcareous is exposed on the ground or where thin layers of soil and permeable sand are also covered. Limestone or dolomite dissolution is most intense when the water first reaches the rock surface.
• Artificial Sinkhole - Such types of sinks may be caused by various human activities, including groundwater pumping and building.
• A type of sinkhole that develops abruptly which cause catastrophic damage. Cover collapse sinkhole
• A type of sinkhole develops gradually where the covering sediments are permeable and contain sand. Cover subsidence sinkhole
• occurs in areas where limestone is exposed at land surface. Dissolution
• sinkholes is primarily caused by various human activities including groundwater pumping and construction activities. Artificial sinkhole
• is always true about sinkholes. Can be shallow or deep
• A landslide characterized by short distance movement down a slope, sliding along concave-upward or planar surface. Slumping landslide
• Is not a condition for a landslide to occur. Flat terrain
• This is a depression in the ground that resulted from the collapse of the surface layer of the soil. Sinkhole
• characteristics of a rock is essential in order to produce a sinkhole. Soluble
• Is not an ideal environment for sinkholes to occur. Volcanic craters
• Landslide is the downward ground movement on a sloping terrain caused by gravity. It also comes scientific term such as ___Landmass
• Is a natural agent of erosion which flows and loosens the soil. Water
• Type of landslide has a very slow movement which is hardly noticeable. Soil creep landslide
• Pertains to a sudden slide of rocks downslope. Rock fall
• Happens when the slope becomes saturated with water triggering a landslide of water sacked mass of rock and soil. Debris fall
• An avalanche is a landslide. T
• Sinkholes form in sedimentary rock deposits. T
• Holes are the only byproduct of a sinkhole. F
• Cover-subsidence sinkholes can be undetected for long periods. T
• Soil creep is faster than slumping. F
• Landslideonly occur in inclined areas. T
• Depressions on the ground that resulted from the collapse of the surface layer of the soil is called a sinkhole. T
• Rock fall landslides are made of water saturated soil. F
• Water is a natural agent of erosion. T
• Landslides that have hardly noticeable damage due to slow movement are soil creep. T