Pur💅com

• Pronunciation


  One cause of miscommunication
• Speakers of different varieties of English

  • Have different ways of pronouncing words
  • Due to differences in phonology
• Philippine English


  • Got you!
  • What did she say?
  • Where did you go?
  • Did you hit it?
  • Can I get you a drink?
• Cultural barrier


  • Not only pertains to different languages
  • Also in the form of a cultural practice or even a bodily gesture
• One should be careful in using bodily gestures
• United States


  • Firm handshake
• France


  • Soft handshake
• Germany


  • Firm handshake
  • For men, traditionally accompanied by a slight bow
• Japan


  • Handshake with arm firmly accompanied by a bow
• Middle East


  • Handshake and free hand place on the forearm of the other person
• Eshaku


  Greeting bowing (Casual bows), Angle: 15
• Hutsuurei


  Regular bowing (Formal bows), Angle: 30
• Keirei


  Respect bowing (Very formal bows), Angle: 45 to 60
• Wai


  Indicates the level of respect for another person and is an acknowledgment of seniority. A person should bow their head with their palms pressed together to indicate respect. The depth of the bow and the level of the hands represents the level of respect.
• Sources of misunderstanding


  • Ambiguity
  • Performance-related misunderstanding
  • Language-related misunderstanding
  • Gaps in world knowledge
  • Local context
  • Cultural diversity
• Language-related misunderstanding


  Ungrammaticality of sentences
• Gaps in world knowledge


  Gaps in context rather than language
• Semiotics


  • The study of signs
  • A sign is something that stands for something other than itself
• Visual pun


  A pun involving an image or images, where the image is at odds with the inscription
• Pun


  A joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words which sound alike but have different meanings
• Signifie


  One of the two components of a sign
• Signified


  One of the two components of a sign
• Charles Sanders Peirce


  • An American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist
  • Sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism"
• Symbol


  • Arbitrary or purely conventional
  • 100% needs to be learned
  • Language in general, alphabet, punctuation marks, numbers, Morse code, traffic lights and signs
• Index


  • Existential connection to the signified or meaning
  • Evidence, smoke, footprints, thermometer, clock, knock on a door, photograph, handwriting