psychology

• psychology being investigated -dement and klietman - dreams are subjective memories that an individual experiences when asleep , sleep has two phases rem and nrem rem has high frequency and low amplitude
• hassett et al -psych being investigated- role of nature in sex chormosomes and hormones role of nurture on sex socialization and stereotypical acts formed
• holzel psychology being investigated - localization of brain - each structure of brain has its own specific structure. mindfulness is a state of awareness of the present moment. helps in reduction of stress and improves wellbeing
• biological assumption

  behavior cognitions and emotions are influenced by biological factors and other factors affecting and individual

  behavior cognition and emotions can be explained in terms of working of brain , evolution , hormones , genetics
• cognitive assumption

  we all humans process info the same wat - input - processing- output

  people have individual difference in cognitive processing due to difference in memory , language and thinking
• psy investigated- andrade(doodling)

  attention refers to the concentration of mental efforts of sensory or mental events

  concentration and doodling doodling increases the conc level by increasing the arousal level and inhibiting day dreaming ensuring us to remain alert to the external stimuli
• andrade ( doodling ) sample

  opportunity sampling

  40 ppt

  aged 18-55

  20 control

  20 experimental
• psy investigated- baron cohen ( eye test)

  theory of mind - refers to ability to determine the mental state of another person

  social sensitivity how effectively and individual can understand ones feeling in an social interaction
• sample of baron cohen (eye test)

  15 ppt with AS or HFA

  122 neurotypical adults

  103 high iq adults

  14 randomly selected with same iq as AS and HFA ppt
• psy investigaed - pozzulo ( line ups)

  eye witness testimony - memory is reconstructive each time an even it recalled there is addition to the events of things tht didn't happen

  false positive responses -when is culprit is absent in the lineup however a person end up choosing a fine claiming that is sthe culprit
• sample - pozzulo et al

  children aged 4-7

  21 female and 38 male

  adults 17-30

  36 female and 17 male
• learning assumption

  experience interaction and environment can shape and individuals behaviour

  we learn through operant , classical conditioning and social learning
• bandura psy -

  social learning individual learn through what they observe

  agression- verbal-physical
• bandura sample- opportunity

  75 children 36 girls 36 boys
• fagen et al psy

  shaping nd chaining

  operant conditioning

  secondary + reinforcement
• sample fagen

  opportunity sampling

  5 elephats

  4 aged 5 to 7

  1 above 50
• psy saavedra and silverman

  evaluative learning

  classical conditioning
• sample of saavedra and silverman

  9 yr old

  hispanic american boy
• social assumption

  behaviour cognitions and emotions are influenced by social environment , social group and social context

  behaviour cognitions and emotions are influenced by actual ,implied and imagined presence of others
• milgram psy

  obedience and social pressure - due to social pressure and individual leads to destructive obedience
• sample milgrams

  volunteer

  40 male

  aged age 20 to 50
• the learner

  accountant

  irish American

  47 yr old

  mild mannered

  like able
• perry et al psy

  interpersonal distance

  oxytocin

  empathy- 2 types affective and cognitive
• perry et al sample

  54 ppt - all male

  volunteer sampling

  20 high empathy

  20 low empathy
• piliavin psy

  bystander apathy- present at an event but not being a part of helping others

  diffusion of responsibility
• sample of piliavin

  4450 ppt at the subway

  45% male and 55% white

  opportunity sampling