ESCI Q4 M1

• The demineralization of the tooth and destruction of tooth substance enamel and dentine

  Dental Caries
• It is also known as bacterial plaque; it is a sticky substance made from leftover food particles and saliva that mix in your mouth, also from mucus

  Dental Plaque
• Major cause of Dental caries

  not cleaning your teeth well
• Symptoms of Dental Caries

  toothache, tooth discoloration, hole in the tooth gums, tooth sensitivity, pain, bad breath, bad taste, cavities, swelling
• It is a precancerous lesion that forms most commonly on the lower lip

  Actinic cheilitis
• Cause of Actinic cheilitis

  long term sun exposure
• Symptoms of Actinic cheilitis

  dry chapped lips, discoloration, loss of lip definition, cracking of lips, scaly lips
• Treatment of Actinic cheilitis

  sun protection, cryotherapy, moisturizers, surgery
• A small painful ulcers in the mouth or on the tongue

  Canker sore
• It also known as periodontal disease, is a common condition that involves inflammation of the gums caused by hardened tartar; stages: Gingivitis, this is the earliest stage of gum disease and Periodontitis

  Gum disease
• What does GERD mean?

  Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• This occurs when stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus). This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of your esophagus. Many people experience acid reflux from time to time.

  Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Symptoms of GERD

  heartburn, chest pain
• It is inflammation that damages the lining of the esophagus; caused by GERD

  Esophagitis
• It is characterized by discontinuation in the inner lining of the stomach to the duodenum because of gastric acid secretion or pepsin; symptoms are symptoms bloating and belching

  Peptic Ulcer
• The stomach lining gets red and swollen (inflamed)

  Gastritis
• It is a digestive problem that hurts your small intestine. It stops your body from taking in nutrients from food and the body is sensitive to gluten.

  Celiac Disease
• It is a complication that can affect people with diverticulosis, small pockets on the inside of their colon. The lining of the colon become inflamed

  Diverticulitis
• It is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation of the GI tract, which extends from your stomach down to your anus

  Crohn Disease
• It is when your body can't break down or digest lactose. Lactose intolerance happens when your small intestine does not make enough of a digestive enzyme called lactase.


  Lactose Intolerance
• It is a chronic digestive disease characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the colon.

  Ulcerative Colitis
• Symptoms of Ulcerative Colitis

  Abdominal cramping
• Types of Ulcerative Colitis

  Proctitis, Proctosigmoiditis, Distal colitis, Extensive colitis, Pancolitis
• It is a disease in which cells in the colon or rectum grow out of control.

  Colon Cancer
• Cirrhosis of the liver is a type of liver damage where healthy cells are replaced by scar tissue

  Liver Cirrhosis
• These are hardened deposits of bile that can form in your gallbladder. This happens if bile contains too much cholesterol. Treatment is laparoscope surgery (tube inside the belly)

  Gallstones
• It is an inflammation of the appendix

  Appendicitis
• The swelling of the veins or blood vessels in and around your anus and lower rectum. This happens when there is extra pressure on these veins. This either inside your anus (internal) or under the skin around your anus (external)

  Hemmorhoids
• They are blood vessels and veins inside the anus that have become inflamed and engorged.

  Internal Hemmorhoid
• They feel and look like small lumps just outside or around the anus.

  External Hemmorhoid
• Symptoms for Liver Cirrhosis

  jaundice, nausea, fever, and upper-right abdominal pain

• It means passing fewer than three stools a week or having a difficult time passing stool.

  Constipation
• It is when your stools are loose and watery. You may also need to go to the bathroom more often.

  Diarrhea
• It means diarrhea that lasts 1 or 2 days

  Short-term (acute) diarrhea
• It means diarrhea that lasts several weeks

  Long-term (chronic) diarrhea