Digestive System

• The gastrointestinal tract is a hollow muscular tube that starts at the esophagus and ends with the anus.
• GI Tract is divided into 4 regions

  • Esophagus - muscular tube through which food passes from the mouth (pharynx) to the stomach
  • Stomach - digests food by acidification and the breakdown of proteins
  • Small Intestine - digestion of food and nutrient absorption
  • Large Intestine (colon) - absorbs water and consolidates the fecal mass
• GI Tract accessory organs

  • Salivary Glands
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Pancreas
• Identify the micrograph given

  muscular tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach.

  A) esophagus

  
• Mucosa

  Identify

  A) stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

  B) lamina propia

  C) muscularis mucosae

  
• Identify

  what layer is this?

  A) submucosa

  
• What gland is this?

  Identify

  A) mucus glands

  
• Identify

  where can you find this? & identify

  A) submucosa

  B) ducts

  
• Identify

  what layer?

  what are the 2 layers?

  A) muscularis externa

  B) circular layer

  C) longitudinal layer

  
• Identify

  Responsible for?  peristaltic movement

  A) Auerbach's plexus

  B) myenteric plexus

  
• What layer is this?

  Identify

  A) adventitia

  
• Gastroesophageal Junction

  Identify

  A) stomach

  B) esophagus

  C) muscularis mucosae

  D) serosa

  E) muscularis externa

  F) adventitia

  
• Identify

  Fundic Stomach

  
• Identify

  Gastric pits

  
• Identify

  Fundic glands

  
• Identify

  Chief Cells

  
• only the esophagus and the duodenum have glands in the submucosa.
• Identify

  Pyloric Stomach

  
• Identify

  Small Intestine

  A) doudenum

  
• Identify

  Small Intestine

  A) jejunum

  
• Identify

  Small Intestine

  A) Ileum

  
• Identify

  What organ is this?

  A) large intestine

  
• Identify

  Layers

  A) mucosa

  B) submucosa

  C) muscularis externa

  
• Auerbach's Plexus (or myenteric plexus)

  • provides motor innervation of the muscularis externa.

  
• Meissner's Plexus (or submucosal plexus)

  • ganglia in the submucosa that provides sensory, motor, and secretory innervation to the inner layers.

  
• • Intestinal Crypts of Lieberkuhn 
  • straight, unbranched, tubular glands.

  
• Identify

  What organ is this?

  A) rectum

  
• What is the layer composed of epithelium cells and a thin connective tissue?

  identify

  A) mucosa

  
• What transport the air, blood, fluids, food and other substances inside the body, or between the body and the exterior?

  identify

  A) lumen

  
• The layer that secrete serous fluid to allow lubricated sliding movements between opposing surfaces.

  Adventitia/Serosa
• Dorsal surface of the Tongue

  Identify

  A) foliate pappilae

  B) furrow

  C) taste buds

  D) duct

  
• What digest protein into small unit known as polypeptide?

  Pepsin
• Chief Cells

  
• What is the hunger hormone that increases appetite?

  Ghrelin
• What sits in the stomach’s pylorus region and produce the hormone gastrin?

  G cells
• Liver

  
• Lobules

  
• Central vein

  
• Hepatocytes

  
• Portal of triad