Biology 2.1

• What is classification

  The sorting of organisms which have similar featurs and characteristic into groups
• What are the two prodecures classification can occur by

  Morphological characteristics

  dna analysis
• What is morphological characteristics

  Using a structural features for grouping
• What is dna analysis

  Looking at similarities in dna
• 5 kingdom classifications 


  Animals

  plants

  fungi

  bacteria

  single celled organisms
• 7 levels of classification

  Kingdom

  phylum

  class

  order

  family

  genus

  species
• Two broad groups of plants

  Flowering and non flowering
• Two broad groups of animals

  vetervreactes (with backbone)

  invertebrates (without backbone)
• Why are scientific names important for organisms

  This is an universal name used acrosss difreent countries to avoid confusion
• is the genus name first or second

  First
• Is the species name first or second

  Second
• organims have morphological (shape) and behavioural adaptions to enable them to survive in their environment
• Why are adaptions important

  Means organisms are more suited to their environment and will help them survive
• What are morphological adaptions

  Ear lengrh (area of heat loss depending on their surface area) (large ears to loose heat )

  coat colour (camouflaged with their environment for protection against predetors)

  body mass (surface area: volume ratios( less body fat and thinner coat )
• What are behaviourAl adaptions

  If organisms modify their behaviour to help them survive this is considered a behavourable adaption

  hunting as a pack

  migration
• What does population size mea.

  How many of one to of plant or animal there is in a given ecosystem
• What affects size of animal population

  food and water

  number of predators

  disease

  population
• What affects side of plant population

  Light, water, or minerlas

  number of herbivores

  disease

  population
• what do animals compete for

  Food

  space

  mates
• What do plants compete for

  Sunlight

  space

  nutrients
• What are the 2 different types of competition in an ecosystem

  intraspecific

  interspecofic
• What is interspecific competition


  If organisms from different species compete
• What is intraspecific competition


  If organisms from the same species compete
• What is the definition of biodiversity

  Variety of different species and number of individuals within each specie
• Why is biodiversity important

  Provide food

  medicine

  building materials
• Humans are causing biodiversity to decrease which is a massive problem
• This happens because the human population is increasing
• Solutions to the reduction of biodiversity

  Cites

  sssi

  captive breeding programs

  national patks

  seed/sperm banks

  local biodiversity action plans
• What tool could be used to record the adundance of diffrent plant species in a habitat

  Quadrants
• Why does the distribution of quadrants need to be random

  To prevent biased results
• What do transects measure

  The change in the distribution of organisms in an area
• What is a capture recapture

  Method used to estimate the population size of a partial animal specie
• What are invasive alien species 


  An organism that has been accidently brought to a me area and has become a problem/ cause harm
• Inasive species are species who are introduced to an area both on purpose and by accident
• Threatens native species and biological diversity
• Invasive species may grow faster than the native species and upset the natural ecosystem
• Native species may not be abel to compete with them
• What is biological control

  A pest population is normally regulated by its natural predators and parasites
• By releasing a natural predeotr into the crop growing area the number of pests can be reduced
• 2 advantages of biological control

  the biological control agent is usually specific to a particular pest.

  Once the predator is established, there is no need to re-introduce it at a later date.