Vertebrate Anatomy II

• Thymus Gland

  Important role in immune system
• Thyroid Gland

  Covers trachea; secretes hormones that influence metabolism
• Respiratory System includes Lung Tissue
• Circulatory System

  Consists of blood vessels which carries water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes, hormones, etc.
• Circulatory System

  Pumped by a 4 chambered heart.
• Blood Flow Order

  1. Heart

  2. Arteries

  3. Arterioles

  4. Capillaries

  5. Venules

  6. Veins

  7. Heart
• Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

  Principal means of delivering oxygen from the lungs to body tissues through the use of hemoglobin.
• White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

  Cells of the immune system defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials.
• Types of white blood cells

  • Neutrophil: targets bacteria and fungi
  • Basophil: allergic reactions
  • Eosinophil: targets parasites and allergic reactions
  • Lymphocyte: B cells - pathogens, T cells, Natural Killer cells (tumor, viruses)
  • Monocyte: varies
  • Macrophage: varies
• Blood Cells

  • Leukocytes
  • Erythrocytes
  • Basophil
  • Neutrophil
  • Lymphocyte
• Arteries


  Generally rounder in shape and have thicker walls due to high pressure blood flow
• Veins


  Flatter in shape and have thinner walls
• Thyroid Gland (Location)

  The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck, just below the larynx (voice box) and above the collarbone.
• Thyroid Gland (Surrounding Structure)

  
  

  The thyroid gland completely surrounds the trachea, which is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs.
• Thyroid gland (Hormone Production)

  The thyroid gland produces and releases hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including metabolism, growth and development, body temperature, and heart function.