SCIENCE REVIEW

• Scientific Method

  1. Question

  2. Research

  3. Hypothesis

  4. Experiment

  5. Data Analysis

  6. Conclusion

  7. Communication
• Gravitational Force


  Acts between planet and keeps them in their orbits
• Mass


  Amount of matter in an object
• Weight


  Force due to gravity; can vary
• Surface tension


  Force that enables light objects to rest on the surface of liquids
• Bones


  206 on adult; 300 on baby
• 118 elements in the periodic table
• Femur


  Longest bone
• Liver


  Largest internal organ
• Skin


  Largest organ
• Venus


  Hottest planet
• Atom


  Nucleus - Proton+ and Neutron; Electron -
• Crust


  Outermost layer of the Earth
• Lithosphere


  Makes up oceanic and continental crust
• Continental crust


  Thicker and less dense; floats; from basalt
• Oceanic crust


  Thinner and denser; from granite
• Mantle


  Thickest layer; 84% of earth's volume; hot middle layer
• Core


  Inner part of the earth; iron and nickel alloy; 31%
• Outer core


  Second largest layer
• Inner core


  Final layer; hot; mostly made of iron
• Convection


  Through fluid; molecular motion; heat slowly rises
• Conduction


  Direct contact
• Radiation


  Energy; rays, waves or particles
• Convection Cell


  Organized unit of convection
• Ridge Push


  Intrusion of magma into an oceanic ridge
• Slab Pull


  Cooling of slab of denser oceanic slab sinks into the subduction zone
• Earthquake


  Sudden release of energy in the earth's crust or upper mantle, usually caused by the movement along a fault plane
• Plate movement is a major cause of earthquake
• Plate tectonics


  Theory of moving crustal plates
• Tectonic


  Greek is Tektonikos; Latin is Tectonicus; "to build"
• Alfred Wegener - Continental Drift Theory


  Continents shift positions
• Henry Hess - Seafloor Spreading


  Divergent plate boundaries; new ocean floor
• Tectonic Plate


  Gigantic pieces of the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle; oceanic crust and continental crust
• Focus (Hypocenter)


  Point within the earth where the earthquake's energy is released; located beneath the Earth's surface
• Epicenter


  Above the focus; where the seismic waves are first felt
• Fault Line


  Zone of weakness; where tectonic plates interact
• Earthquake release energy through what? Seismic Waves
• Body waves


  Travels through inner layers of the Earth
• Primary or Compressional (P-)


  Solid & fluid materials; faster
• Secondary or Transverse Waves (S-)


  Solid materials; slower