Nervous System Slideshow

• Nervous System


  Consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

  
• Parts of the Nervous System

  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Central Nervous System

  
• Peripheral Nervous System


  Consists of nerves which are bundles of neurons, specifically sensory neurons and motor neurons

  
• Motor Neurons


  Carry out the response, connected to muscles and glands
• Neurons


  Individual cells of the nervous system

  
• Peripheral Nervous System


  1. Receives sensory information from the environment through sensory neurons

  2. Brings that information to the Central Nervous System

  3. Motor neurons carry out the interneurons response

  
• Central Nervous System


  Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and interneurons

  
• Central Nervous System


  1. Receives sensory information from the Peripheral Nervous System

  2. Interprets the information

  3. Decides what the response should be

  
• Axon


  A long extension from a nerve cell at which signals travel
• Dendrite


  A branch extending from a neuron that receives signals from another neuron through a synapse

  
• Myelin Sheath


  A fatty substance that surrounds and insulates the axon, helping signals move through neurons quickly
• Synapse


  The gap between branches extending from the neuron's axon that sends a signal to the next neuron

  
• Stimuli


  • Change in the internal and external environments (5 senses - taste, smell, hear, touch, and sight)
• Response


  A response to the change in the environment
• Differences between Motor Nerve Damage and Sensory Nerve Damage

  • Motor Nerve Damage: Muscle weakness, painful cramps, muscle spasms or twitches, decreased reflexes, muscle shrinkage
  • Sensory Nerve Damage: Decrease in sensation, impaired sense of feeling when touched, loss of reflexes, feeling of pain, tingling, or numbness