cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive

• Calorie


  Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree celsius
• Vitamins


  Organic molecules that help regulate body processes
• Minerals


  Inorganic nutrients that the body needs, usually in small amounts
• Alimentary canal


  Tube that is our digestive system
• Saliva


  Liquid secreted by glands in our mouth to help break down food
• Bolus


  Chewed up food after it leaves our mouth
• Pharynx


  Membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus
• Esophagus


  Tube in our throat where our food travels down
• Peristalsis


  Way our esophagus pushes food down towards the stomach
• Stomach


  Muscular sac that uses mechanical and chemical digestion
• Chyme


  Mixture of food and stomach acid
• Small intestine


  Longest internal organ that absorbs nutrients
• Liver


  Largest internal organ
• Villi


  Small finger like parts of the small intestine that absorb nutrients
• Large intestine


  Removes water from the food we eat. At the end of the digestive tract
• Feces


  Dry waste products which are excreted
• Essential nutrient


  Something you must consume because your body cannot create it on its own
• Malnutrition


  When you are not getting nearly enough of the nutrients you need on a daily basis
• Obesity


  When you have a BMI over 25
• Anorexia


  When a person does not eat because they think they are too large
• Bulimia


  A person binges and then purges (throws it up) because they feel bad about binging
• Capillaries


  Microscopic blood vessels
• Artery


  Carries blood away from the heart
• Vein


  Carries blood from the body to the heart
• Pulmonary Circuit


  Carries oxygen-depleted blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygen rich blood back to the heart
• Systemic Circuit


  Carries oxygen rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body and oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart
• Pacemaker


  Sets the rate at which your heart contracts (beats)
• AV Node


  Causes the ventricles to contract
• Plaque


  Fat deposits in the arteries
• Bronchioles


  Tubes in the lungs that branch into smaller and smaller tubes
• Alveoli


  Grapelike clusters of tiny air sacs
• Diaphragm


  Muscle below the lungs that controls breathing