Wildlife Cons. Policy Exam 3

• George Perkins Marsh


  United humanities with science and history

  Emphasized importance of sense of vision in studying nature

  
  

  "Man and Nature": decline of nature, climate disruptions, fishery impoverishment, water pollution

  Call to action

  Ted Roosevelt created institutions like smithsonian, dept of int, etc
• funding for state agencies

  Sports related fees like hunting

  Excise taxes on guns, equipment, etc
• USFWS


  Oversees national wildlife refuges, enforces wildlife protection laws
• NOAA


  Manages sustainable recreational fishing in federal waters
• US Forest Service


  Responsible for recreational and forest management
• National Park Service


  Manages national parks and cultural resources
• Bureau of Land Management


  Manages public lands in 12 western states, focuses on conservation
• National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)

  Established during the Dust Bowl, aids in conservation through farm bill funding
• Farm Services Agency (FSA)


  Administers conservation programs and provides financial incentives to farmers
• Wildlife Services Agency


  Offers services for wildlife risk management
• Vet Services Agency


  Addresses control of wildlife diseases and parasites
• US Geological Survey


  Conducts scientific studies on climate change and diseases
• Audubon


  Conservation organization focused on birds and their habitats
• National Rifle Association


  Organization advocating for gun rights and hunting
• Wildlife Management Institute


  Hosts conferences on wildlife management and conservation
• Mandatory spending


  spent year after year as long as reauthorized and qualify

  Ex. Dingell-Johnson
• Discretionary spending


  must be approved thru annual budget every year

  Ex. most public land grants
• Gov shutdown


  when gov fails to enact continuing resolution
• Disaster Relief Appropriations Act

  in response to hurricane sandy, funding to help community recover and for restoring habitats
• National Fire Plan of 2000

  response to Cerro Grande Fire in NM, integrated Forest service and Dept of Interior to restore after wildfires
• Greer v Connecticut


  state held power in their border on public trust
• Barrett v new york

  state not liable for beaver damage on private property bc they released beavers to restore population
• Wildlife federalism early on

  Slow to respond bc lack of wildlife in cities, so grouped in with water and disease

  
  

  Borders were a problem
• Lacey act


  fed authority, coop federalism thru transport over state lines
• Pittman-robertson act


  fed funds from gun taxes to wildlife research and conservation
• Recovering america's wildlife act

  take fed revenues from E and mineral leases for wildlife management

  
  

  Failed due to congress not agreeing on how to fund bill
• State wildlife action plan

  every state has blueprint for conservation

  
  

  Assess health of wildlife and habitat

  
  

  Outline steps to conserve

  
  

  Triage: greatest need first
• Missouri v holland


  fed authority to make treaties like migratory bird act
• Hunt v us


  fed gov had authority of wildlife on fed land
• New Mexico v udall

  fed gov does not need state permission on national park lands
• Endangered species act on fed state cooperation

  private land and grant programs allow for coop
• Greatest conflict of state and fed agencies

  listing carnivores as it is conservation vs private property and livestock
• Game listings


  Small game

  Furbearers

  Red fox

  Upland game birds

  Waterfowl

  Big game
• Hughes v oklahoma


  ok violated commerce clause by only allowing hatchery raises minnows
• Maine v Taylor


  upheld ban on minnows to Maine on the basis of parasite risk
• Traditional Ecological Knowledge


  understanding natural world remains central to everyday life and well-being

  
  

  Main tenet of most native tribes

  
  

  Conflict with scientific data
• Indian Appropriations Act of 1871


  prohibited establishment of new treaties with tribes, fed gov no longer recognize native people as independent
• Executive Order 13175 in 2000


  Clinton, US gov must communicate with tribes as gov to gov relationship (respect sovereignty)
• Native relationship with wildlife

  Turkey feathers, deer mount, bison parts, ceremonies around mule deer, beargrass for basket weaving
• Yakama Elk Hunting


  recreational hunters of washington vs subsidence hunting of tribe