Microbio final

• Metabolism


  Chemical processes in organisms
• Standard free energy


  Thermodynamic change of a reaction under standard conditions
• Reaction free energy


  Thermodynamic change of a reaction
• Fuel/electron donor


  Energy source
• Lactic acid fermentation


  Anaerobic ATP synthesis
• Ethanol fermentation


  Anaerobic ATP synthesis
• ATP synthase


  Enzyme that uses a proton gradient to synthesise ATP
• Final electron acceptor


  Terminus of an electron transport chain
• Anaerobic respiration


  Catabolism not requiring oxygen
• Soluble electron carrier


  Electron transporter in cytosol
• Methanogenesis/methanogen


  Methane production/organisms
• Methanotroph


  Methane-consuming organisms
• Anabolism


  Molecular synthesis in organisms
• Sulfate respiration


  Sulphur-based catabolism
• Nitrate respiration


  Nitrate-based catabolism
• Autotroph


  Organism that can fix inorganic CO2
• Non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation


  Light-dependent ATP synthesis producing NADPH
• Heterotroph


  Organism that cannot fix inorganic CO2
• Chemoorganoheterotroph


  Organism that uses chemical energy and does not fix CO2
• Cyclic photo-phosphorylation


  Light-dependent direct ATP synthesis
• Photolithotroph


  Organism that uses light energy and fixes CO2
• Photoorganoheterotroph


  Organism that uses light energy and does not fix CO2
• Chemolithotroph


  Organism that uses chemical energy and fixes CO2
• Chemolithoheterotroph


  Organism that uses chemical energy and does not fix CO2
• Dissimilatory reduction


  Incorporating reduced compounds
• Assimilatory reduction


  Converting inorganic N/C to organic
• Oxygenic/anoxygenic


  Does/does not produce oxygen
• Organic


  Carbon-based compound
• Aerobic respiration


  Catabolism requiring oxygen
• Hydrocarbon


  Compound which includes hydrogen and carbon
• Fermentation


  Catabolism not requiring oxygen
• Biomolecule


  Molecule that is part of a living organism
• Glucose


  Common respiratory substrate
• Macromolecule


  Large molecule
• Fructose bisphosphate


  Metabolic intermediate
• Polymer


  Large molecule with repeating units
• Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)


  Glycolysis product
• Monomer


  Small molecule that forms polymers
• Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (PGAL)


  Glycolysis product
• Hydrolysis


  Breakdown of molecules using water