today

• ELDERLY


  individuals who are over 65 years old who have functional impairments
• FRAIL ELDERLY


  describes the vulnerability of the "old-old" to be in poorer health, to have more chronic disabilities
• SPICES


  common problem in older adults warranting further investigations
• Skin impairment

  Poor nutrition

  Incontinence

  Cognitive impairment

  Evidence of falls or functional declines

  Sleep disturbance


  SPICES identified as:
• ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING


  activities necessary for well-being as an individual
• INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING


  focused primarily on household
• laundry, cleaning, transportation


  examples of IADL:
• FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT


  an evaluation of the person's ability to carry out the basic

  self-care activities of daily living
• Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living


  commonly used tools that is thought to be most appropriate for assessing functional status in older adults
• Lawton scale for instrumental activities of daily living


  most common used tool