procedures

• point :)

  there was a high level of standardisation during this research
• example :)

  participants all watched the same videos, were asked the same questions (with only changes to the verb), and the presence of a control group all increase the level of standardisation.
• explain :)

  this high level of control in the research makes it easier to determine a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables, and it means the research can be easily replicated by others - which it has, and the results have been found to be consistent.
• link :)

  if the findings of the research can be proved to be replicable and consistent, the reliability of the research increases, making it a more valued and trusted piece of research.
• point :(

  a criticism of this study is that it lacks ecological validity, as watching a clip of an accident is not the same as seeing one in the real world.
• explain :(

  if participants know the footage of the car crash isn't real, the shock and emotional impact of witnessing a car crash is minimised, as this cannot be replicated in laboratory conditions.
• example :(

  it may be more accurate to use real life EWT - Yuille and Cutshall (1986) found that witnesses to an armed robbery in Canada gave very accurate reports of the crime four months after the event, even though they had initially been given two misleading questions.
• link :(

  this suggests that misleading information may have been less influenced on real-life EWT, and therefore the results cannot be generalised to real life.