nutr chapter 14

• water is found in two compartments intracellular and extracellular
• interstitial fluid is between cells
• intravascular fluid is blood and lymph
• fluid in these compartments contains solutes
• in intracellular fluid potassium and magnesium are major cations + and phosphate is a major anion -
• in extracellular fluid sodium is a major cation + and chloride is a major anion -
• water is attached to electrolytes and moves via osmosis
• kidneys are main regulators of water balance
• water intoxication develops when kidneys can't remove water fast enough
• phytic acid, oxalic acid, and polyphenols interfere with mineral absorption
• most people have primary (essential) hypertension
• normal bp is <120/80
• stage one hypertension is bp 140-159/90-99
• bone is constantly undergoing remodeling
• insufficient calcium intake can result in osteoporosis because calcium is withdrawn from the bones to preserve other functions