Mix And Flow Of Matter

• Fluids are used in technological devices and everyday materials
• WHMIS Symbols and Safety Procedures

  • Understand warning labels
  • Follow safety procedures
• WHMIS


  Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
• WHMIS symbol shapes


  • Yellow triangle (caution)
  • Orange diamond (warning)
  • Red octagon (danger)
• WHMIS symbol hazards


  • Flammable
  • Corrosive
  • Biological
  • Electrical
  • Toxic
  • Explosive
  • Compressed gas
  • Dangerously reactive
  • Oxidizing
  • Poisonous and infectious
  • Irritant
• WHMIS symbols are designed to help protect people who use potentially harmful materials at work
• Lab safety rules


  • Read all written instructions before doing an activity
  • Listen to and follow all instructions carefully
  • Wash hands carefully after each activity and after handling chemicals
  • Wear safety goggles, gloves, or an apron as required
  • Think before you touch, equipment may be hot and substances may be dangerous
  • Smell a substance by fanning the smell toward you with your hand, do not put your nose close
  • Do not taste anything in the lab
  • Tie back loose hair and roll up loose sleeves
  • Never pour liquids into containers held in your hand, place a test tube in a rack first
  • Clean up any spilled substances immediately as instructed
  • Never look into test tubes or containers from the top, always look through the sides
  • Never use cracked or broken glassware, follow instructions for disposal
  • Label any container you put chemicals in
  • Report all accidents and spills immediately to your teacher
  • Understand all WHMIS symbols on chemicals you will use
• Safety in a science class begins with you, following instructions, being aware of hazards, and showing respect and concern
• WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System)


  Safety symbols on chemicals indicating hazards
• If there are WHMIS safety symbols on any chemical you will be using, make sure that you understand all the symbols
• See Toolbox 1 at the back of this book for the WHMIS safety symbols
• When performing a science investigation, it is very important that you follow the lab safety rules
• Not following one or more of the lab safety rules could result in injury to you or your classmates
• Lab safety rules to ensure you work in a safe manner

  • Follow the safety instructions outlined by your teacher and this text
  • Keep an eye open for possible hazards, and report them immediately
  • Show respect and concern for your own safety and the safety of your classmates and teachers
• Fluid


  Anything that has no fixed shape and can flow, usually a liquid or a gas
• Fluids being used


  • Water
  • Soft drinks
  • Detergents
• Fluids make it easier to transport, process, and use different kinds of materials, even if these materials are solids
• Slurry


  A mixture of water and solids
• Uses of slurry technology


  • Washing off a sidewalk or driveway
  • Transporting oil sands in mining
• Many of the things we see and use as solids were originally prepared as fluids
• Materials prepared as fluids

  • Glass
  • Steel
• The ability of fluids to spread or flow and to carry other materials makes them useful in many applications
• Toothpaste


  Contains powdered materials, detergent, fluoride, and binders to keep the paste mixed
• Properties of fluids


  • Viscosity
  • Density
  • Buoyancy
  • Compressibility
• Understanding the properties of fluids allows people to design technological devices that use these properties
• Detergent added to water with pepper causes the pepper to disperse
• The goal of technology is to provide solutions to practical problems
• Matter can be classified as pure substances or mixtures
• Pure substance


  Made up of only one kind of matter and has a unique set of characteristics or properties
• Mixture


  Two or more substances combined together, where each substance keeps its properties
• Mechanical mixtures and solutions are two types of mixtures
• Mechanical mixture


  You can see the different substances that make up the mixture
• Solution


  The different substances are evenly distributed and cannot be easily separated
• Types of matter


  • Pure substances
  • Mechanical mixtures
  • Solutions
  • Suspensions
  • Colloids
• Mechanical mixture


  A mixture where you can see the different substances that make up the mixture
• Homogeneous mixture


  A mixture where you can't see the different substances that make it up, also called a solution
• Suspension


  A cloudy mixture in which droplets or tiny pieces of one substance are held within another substance
• Colloid


  A cloudy mixture where the droplets or tiny pieces are so small that they do not separate out easily
• Until 1997, pennies were made of a pure substance - copper. Since then, other substances have been added so pennies are now a mixture of metals. Mixtures of metals are called alloys.
• Paper chromatography


  1. Place a piece of filter paper partly in a solution

  2. If the fluid is a pure substance, it will move up the paper to one level

  3. If the fluid is a solution, the different substances will move up the paper to different levels