PRINCIPLE MSF

• Grammar Translation Method


  A traditional teaching technique that was used to teach Latin and Greek, concentrating more on the written form than the oral form
• Grammar Translation Method


  • Students must master the grammar of the foreign language
  • Teachers teach in the student's mother tongue
  • Importance of translation exercises is emphasized
  • Focus on grammatical rules
  • Memorization of vocabulary
  • Translations of texts
• Characteristics of Grammar Translation Method

  • Classes are taught in the mother tongue, with little active use of the target language
  • Much vocabulary is taught in the form of lists of isolated words
  • Long, elaborate explanations of the intricacies of grammar are given
  • Grammar provides the rules for putting words together, and instruction often focuses on the form and inflection of words
  • Reading of difficult classical texts is begun early
  • Little attention is paid to the content of texts, which are treated as exercises in grammatical analysis
  • Often the only drills are exercises in translating disconnected sentences from the target language into the mother tongue
  • Little or no attention is given to pronunciation
• Gouin's Series Method


  A method developed by Francois Gouin, a French teacher of Latin in the late 1800s, that taught learners directly (without translation) and conceptually (without grammatical rules and explanations)
• How to teach a Gouin (Action) series


  1. Teacher presents orally, with pantomime and props

  2. Teacher repeats orally without pantomime, class pantomimes

  3. Teacher repeats orally, individuals pantomime

  4. Teacher repeats orally, class pantomimes with teacher

  5. Individuals lead the series

  6. Class repeats orally and pantomimes

  7. Possible reading, writing
• Direct Method


  A method of foreign language teaching which avoids using the learners' native language and instead focuses on the target language
• Direct Method


  • Using an inductive method to teaching grammar for example, having learners discover rules through the presentation of appropriate linguistic forms in the target language
  • Spoken language's priority, including a native-like pronunciation
  • Focused on question-and-answer patterns
• Audio-lingual Method


  A method of foreign language teaching which emphasizes the teaching of listening and speaking before reading and writing, using dialogues as the main form of language presentation and drills as the main training techniques