GEN.BIO 2(SEMIS)

• Groups of organisms in taxonomy

  Taxa
• Singular of taxa

  taxon
• The most influential early classification system

  Linnaean System of Classification
• Swedish botanist who lived during the 1700s.

  Carolus Linnaeus
• He is known as the “father of

  taxonomy.”

  Carolus Linnaeus
• In 1735, Carolus Linnaeus published his classification system in a work called 


  Systema Naturae
• This is the highest taxon in Linnaean taxonomy, representing major divisions of organisms. Kingdoms of organisms include the plant and animal kingdoms.

  Kingdom
• This taxon is a division of a kingdom.

  Phylum
• animals with an internal skeleton

  Chordates
• animals with an external skeleton

  Arthropods
• This taxon is a division of a phylum.

  Class
• This taxon is a division of a class

  Order
• This taxon is a division of an order

  Family
• Apes and humans

  Hominids
• Gibbons

  Hylobatids
• This taxon is a division of a family

  Genus
• Humans


  Homo
• Chimpanzees

  Pan
• This taxon is below the genus and the lowest taxon in Linnaeus’ system.

  Species
• Common chimpanzees

  Pan troglodytes
• Pygmy Chimpanzees

  Pan paniscus
• was an English economist. He wrote a popular essay called “On Population.” 


  Thomas Malthus
• He argued that human populations have the potential to grow faster than the resources they need. When populations get too big, disease and famine occur. These calamities control population size by killing off the weakest people.

  Thomas Malthus
• noticed several gaps where all evidence of life would disappear and then abruptly reappear again after a notable amount of time

  Georges Cuvier
• Scottish geologist proposed that it was possible to explain the various landforms by looking at mechanisms currently operating in the world

  James Hutton
• theory developed by James Hutton according to which profound changes to the Earth.

  Gradualism
• This theory inspired an evolution theory in paleontology, also called

  Gradualism
• Proposed that the earth was much more than a few thousand years old.

  James Hutton
• Theory of evolution in 1809

  Jean Baptiste Lamarck
• Mechanism 


  Jean Baptiste Lamarck
• was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.

  Charles Robert Darwin
• is primarily known as the architect of the theory of evolution by natural selection

  Charles Robert Darwin
• a change in the genetic composition of a population over time.

  Evolution
• change over time.


  Evolve
• In 1859 Charles Robert Darwin published

  On the origin of species
• King name


  Animal
• Phylum name

  chordates
• Class name

  mammals
• order name

  Primate
• Family name

  Hominids