GEN BIO 4TH QUIZ

• OXIDATION


  • Loss of electrons
  • Loss of hydrogen
  • Loss of oxygen
• REDUCTION


  • Gains of electrons
  • Gains of hydrogen
  • Gains of oxygen
• ELECTRONS


  Particle with charge
• Molecules

  • CO2 -CARBON DIOXIDE
  • H2O -WATER
  • C6H12O6 -GLUCOSE(SUGAR)
  • O2 -OXYGEN
• CO2 is reduced into

  GLUCOSE
• H2O is oxidized into

  OXYGEN
• ELECTRON CARRIERS


  • Small class of compounds
  • Carry high energy
  • B vitamin
  • Easily reduced or oxidized
• ELECTRON SHUTTLES


  Pick up electrons from one molecule
• NAD(NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE)


  Derived to vitamin B3
• FAD(FLAVIN ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE)


  Derived to vitamin B2
• Oxidized forms

  • NAD+
  • FAD+
• Reduced forms

  • NADH
  • FADH2
• ATP(ADENINE TRIPHOSPHATE)


  Energy current of the cell
• ATP-ADP CYCLE


  Energy from ATP
• MECHANISM


  Third phosphate group to ATP
• CATABOLISM

  Exergonic (release energy)
• ANABOLISM

  Endergonic (require energy)
• ANABOLISM


  Cell movement
• CATABOLISM


  Cell respiration
• HYDROLYSIS


  Addition of water
• PHOSPHORYLATION


  Addition of phosphate
• ENERGY COUPLING


  Energy produced by one reaction
• FREE ENERGY


  Available in system
• CIRCADIAN RHYTHM


  Processes in body of 24hrs cell
• ANABOLISM AND CATABOLISM


  Maintained by circadian rhythm