Scene 1

• “Fair is foul and foul is fair”

  • Trochaoc tetrameter
  • Paradox - good is bad and bad is good, their morals are slightly skewed.
  • Alliteration - words are connected so fairness and foulness are connected.
  • They say the same lines at the same time - spiritually connected
  • Some good people may be bad and vice versa
• “When the battles lost and won”

  You may have won but you still loose a lot of lives and a lot of blood has been shedded.
• “That will be ere the set of sun”

  • Foreshadowing - getting darker so something bad may happen later.
• Stage directions : “thunder and lightning“

  • Pathetic fallacy -opens with eerie atmosphere, mirroring the unsettling encounter between the witches in the first scene.
  • Shakespeare plays on contemporary beliefs of witchcraft as people at the time would blme witches for inclement weather.
• “Upon the heath”

  They meet (Macbeth) upon the heath as they’re on the edge of civilisation, they’re isolated.