Math Probability

• Probability


  The likelihood or chance that an event will occur
• Probability experiment


  An action or operation that can produce one or more possible outcomes
• Outcome


  The result of a probability experiment
• Sample space


  The set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment
• Event


  A subset of the sample space
• Playing the spinner game

  1. Decide who goes first

  2. Each player picks a different color

  3. Each player takes turns spinning the spinner and recording the color it lands on

  4. The winner is the first player to have their color come up 10 times
• The color that was the first to occur 10 times was the winner
• It makes a difference who goes first to pick a color
• The color that would give the best chance of winning is the one that appears most often on the spinner
• Probability


  The chance that something will happen
• Probability Experiment


  A chance process that leads to a well-defined result called an outcome
• Outcome


  The result of a single trial of an experiment
• Sample Space


  The set of all the possible outcomes or sample points
• Sample Point


  One of the possible outcomes
• Event


  Any set of one or more outcomes satisfying some given conditions. Event is a subset of sample space
• Probability goes from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain)
• Ways of showing probability

  • As a decimal (e.g. 0.5)
  • As a fraction (e.g. 1/2)
  • As a percentage (e.g. 50%)
  • As 1-in-2
• Probability experiments


  • Flipping a coin
  • Rolling a die
• Probability is the chance that something will happen. Events cannot be predicted with total certainty. We can say "How likely they are to happen".
• A probability experiment is a chance process that leads to a well-defined result called an outcome
• An outcome is the result of a single trial of an experiment
• The sample space is the set of all the possible outcomes or sample points
• A sample point is just one of the possible outcomes
• An event is any set of one or more outcomes satisfying some given conditions. An event is a subset of the sample space
• The probability of an event, P(event), is represented by a number between 0 and 1