chap 4 - ionic n covalent bonding

• electronic structures are how the electrons are arranged
• all other atoms strive to achieve a full valence shell by either gaining or losing or sharing electrons
• • cations

  metals will lose there valence electrons to form positively charged ions
• • anions

  non-metals will gain electrons to form negatively charged ions
• -losing and gaining electrons require energy

  -it requires lesser energy for metals to lose than gain the required no. of electrons
• positively charged ion = No. of protons > no. of electrons = metal
• ion of non-metal = no. of protons < no. of electrons
• ions are atoms that has lost/gained an electron
• covalent bonding

  • sharing of electrons between non-metals
• noble gases are neon, helium, argon, krypton, xenon and radon