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Cards (82)

  • Biomolecules will be the topic for weeks 3 and 4 of grade 10 science
  • Biomolecule
    Any molecule that is produced by a living organism and includes large macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, lipids and nucleic acids
  • Biomolecules are obtained from food
  • Main types of biomolecules
    • Carbohydrates
    • Proteins
    • Nucleic acids
    • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates
    The primary energy source of our body, which are sugars
  • Monomer
    The building block or smaller unit from which larger molecules are made
  • Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
    • Glucose
    • Fructose
    • Galactose
  • Disaccharides
    Double sugars formed by combining two monosaccharides
  • Disaccharides
    • Maltose
    • Lactose
    • Sucrose
  • Polysaccharides
    Complex sugars made up of many monosaccharides
  • Polysaccharides
    • Starch
    • Glycogen
    • Cellulose
    • Chitin
  • Iodine test for starch
    1. Add iodine to food/material
    2. Violet colour indicates presence of starch
  • Benedict's test for simple carbohydrates
    1. Add Benedict's solution to food
    2. Colour change from blue to green, yellow, orange, red indicates presence and amount of simple carbohydrates
  • Proteins
    Body building molecules that help us grow, transport molecules, and control chemical reactions
  • Monomer for proteins
    Amino acid
  • Proteins
    • Soy albumin
    • Egg white
    • Hemoglobin
    • Enzymes
  • Biuret test for proteins
    1. Add biuret reagent to food
    2. Colour change from blue to purple indicates presence of proteins
  • Nucleic acids
    Important components in heredity, present in DNA
  • Lipids
    Energy storing molecules, provide protection and waterproof covering
  • Monomer for lipids
    Fatty acids
  • Types of lipids
    • Steroids
    • Cholesterol
    • Fats
    • Oils
    • Waxes
  • Saturated fats
    Solid at room temperature
  • Unsaturated fats
    Liquid at room temperature
  • Ethanol emulsion test for lipids
    1. Add ethanol to food
    2. Presence of lipids indicated by cloudy emulsion