MIDTERMS FUNDA RLE

• Types OF BATH

  a.) complete bed bath

  b) self-help bed bath

  c) Partial bath (abbreviated bath)

  d) bag bath

  e) tub bath

  f) sponge bath

  g) shower
• Self-help


  Clients confined to bed and able to bathe himself, except the back and feet
• Partial/abbreviated bath


  Only the parts that causes discomfort/odor (face, hands, axillae, perineal area and back.

  Omitted: arms, chest abdomen, legs and feet
• Bag bath


  Contains commercially prepared product that contains 10-12 presoaked disposable washcloth that contains no rinse cleanser solution.
• Therapeutic bath


  Given for physical effects

  o Soothe the skin

  o Treat an area (perineum)
• Before bathing a client determine:

  a)Purpose and type of bath the client needs

  b) Self-care ability of the client

  c) Any movement or positioning precautions specific to

  the client

  d) Other care the client may be receiving such as x-rays

  in unnecessary fatigue

  e) Client’s comfort level

  f) Necessary equipment and linens
• o Always start at the farthest side

  o Linens are placed lengthwise

  o Wet, rinse, dry

  o Distal to proximal

  o Expose one area/part at a time
• Dandruff (Seborrheic Dermatitis)


  diffuse scaling of the scalp often accompanied by itching.
• Alopecia


  hair loss
• Hirsutism


  excessive growth of hair in the body
• Pediculosis


  infestation of lice
• 1. Pediculosis capitis - head lice
  2. Pediculosis corporis - body lice
  3. Pediculosis pubis - crab lice
• Scabies


  a contagious skin infestation by the itch mite

  treatment involves thorough cleansing of the body with soap and water to remove scales and debris from crusts.
• TEPID SPONGE BATH


  is considered as one of the best cooling treatments there is. This method is recommended for febrile individuals, especially those with fever ranging from 39 degrees Celsius or higher.
• EQUIPMENTS IN TEPID SPONG BATH

  a)Ice Cap

  b) Bath basin

  c) Washcloths (Face Towel)

  d) Towels

  e) Bath sheet (Blanket)

  f) Cotton balls or OS

  g) Gloves
• Appropriate temperature for tepid sponge bath is 27-37 degrees Celsius or 80 to 90 degrees

  Fahrenheit.
• TEPID SPONGE BATH


  "Textbook of Basic Nursing" advises that the bath must be administered for at least 30 minutes to be effective. Do this for about 20 to 30 minutes and repeat if necessary.
• STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN FOOT

  → Each foot contains 26 bones and more than 100 ligaments

  → Feet contain more than a quarter of all the bones in the body

  → The skin on the feet has more than 7,000 nerve endings

  → There are more than 125,000 sweat glands on each foot – more than there are anywhere else in the body

  → Feet produce about 250ml of sweat each day
• HAMMER TOES OR CLAW TOES


  happens when the middle of the toe points upwards abnormally
• CORNS AND CALLUSES

  callus (tyloma) is an area of skin that thickens after exposure to repetitive forces in order to protect the skin; when a callus develops a mass of dead cells in its center, it becomes corn(heloma)
• BUNIONS


  when the big toe points toward the second toe. This causes a bump on the inside edge of your toe
• ATHLETE’S FOOT


  aka dermatophytosis of the foot or tinea pedis(foot fungus); common skin infection that affects the feet
• INVOLUTED NAILS

  nail edge curls done into the groove
• INGROWING NAILS


  occur when the edge of the nail cuts into the skin
• RAM’S HORN NAILS


  onychogrposis; thickening and increase in curvature of the nail. Result of injury to the matrix
• SEED CORNS (SKIN LAYERS)


  aka porokeratotic lesions or plugged sweat ducts
• PLANTAR WARTS (viruses)


  small, usually painless growths on the skin caused by human papillomavirus
• PURPOSE OF THE FEET

  → Support and shock absorbers- our feet support our weight

  o 130lbs when standing

  o 195lbs when walking

  o 390lbs when running

  → Balance

  o Nerves transmit to the bran about the level underneath

  o Ankles are triple jointed to articulate the body balance

  → Smooth gait

  → Lever action of the toes
• FOOT CARE


  The basic care of the lower leg, foot, and nails, including mobility and health assessment, and interventions of trimming nails; buffing corns,

  calluses; debriding thickened nails; and patient teaching.
• Assessment documentation code

  0=no impairment

  1=impaired sensation to base of toes

  2=impaired sensation to mid-foot

  3=impaired sensation to ankle

  4=impaired sensation to mid-calf

  5=impaired sensation to knee