Micro final

• Microbes that require oxygen to grow but at much lower levels than 20% are

  Microaerophile
• Microbes that can only grow when oxygen is not present are

  Obligate anaerobe
• Microbes that can only grow when oxygen is present are

  Obligate aerobe
• Microbes that can grow in oxygen but do not require oxygen for energy metabolism are

  Aerotolerant anaerobe
• Microbes that are flexible and can grow with or without oxygen are

  Facultative anaerobe
• Which bacteria have optimal growth between -5C to 15C?

  Psychrophile
• Which bacteria have optimal growth between 45C to 75C

  Thermophile
• What bacteria have optimal growth between 25C to 45C

  Mesophile
• Which bacteria have optimal growth above 75C

  Hyperthermophile
• A bacterium that grows at a pH of 10 is a

  Alkaliphile
• A bacterium that grows at a pH of 4 is a

  acidophile
• A bacterium that grows at a pH of 7 is a

  Neutrophile
• These microbes can grow in excessive sugar concentrations

  Osmophile
• These microbes require a high concentration of NaCl in order to grow

  Obligate halophile
• These microbes can grow in moderate concentration of NaCl

  Halotolerant
• A cell that has more solutes than the surrounding environment is

  Hypertonic
• A cell that has fewer solutes than the surrounding environment

  Hypotonic
• Water flow (in/ out of) a cell that is hypotonic

  out of
• Water flow (into/ out of) a cell that is hypertonic

  into
• When temperature increases past the optimal, the hydrogen bonding in RNA break down and the proteins denature in this structure

  Ribosome
• When the temperature increases past the optimal, lipids can be destroyed affecting which structure

  cell membrane
• Which temperature results in white colonies of Serratia

  37 C
• When the temperature decreases past the optimal, lipids can freeze and fract, affecting which structure

  cell membrane
• When the temperature decreases past the optimal, the activity of this molecule will slow down

  enzyme
• When the temperature increases past the optimal, these denatures

  enzyme
• Which temperature results in pinkish/ red colonies of serratia

  25C
• Antiviral are compounds that kill or inhibit

  Viruses
• Antifungal are compounds that kill or inhibit

  Fungi
• Antibiotics are compounds that kill or inhibit

  Bacteria
• Antiparasitics are compounds that kill or inhibit

  Animals
• Chemical agents that are applied to inanimate objects to kill microbes are

  Disinfectants
• Substances that inhibit or kill microorganisms but are gentle enough to apply to living tissue are

  Antiseptics
• Which antibiotics target the cell wall of bacteria.

  Ampicillin, Bacitracin, Penicillin
• Which antibiotics target the DNA and RNA synthesis of bacteria.

  Fluoroquinolones, Rifamycins
• Which antibiotics target the protein synthesis of bacteria

  Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Tetracyclines
• Fermentation is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor is

  Organic
• Anaerobic respiration is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor.

  Inorganic
• Aerobic respiration is a form of energy metabolism where the final electron acceptor.


  Oxygen
• Which molecule is hydrolyzed by proteases?

  Casein
• Which molecule is hydrolyzed by amylase?

  starch