Macedon- Philip

• Philip's Background

  Plutarch- "efficiency in war and campaigns"

  "inclined to copy his restraint, justice, magnanimity and gentleness"
• 359 BC: Actions Against Athens

  Demosthenes- "let them go and restored all their losses to them"
• 359 BC: Actions Against Athens

  Diodorus- "sent ambassadors to Athens and persuaded the Athenian people to make peace by giving up all claim to Amphipolis"

  "he withdrew from the city of his own accord and left it independent"
• 359 BC: Subduing the Paeonians

  Diodorus- "He invaded Paeonia, defeated the barbarians in battle, and made them subjects of Macedon"
• 359/58 BC: Revenge Against Illyria

  Diodorus- "with Philip fighting heroically alongside his elite troops, the Illyrian army was forced to turn to flight"
• 357 BC: Athens + Amphipolis

  Diodorus- "He banished his enemies, but treated the rest mercifully"
• 356 BC: Philip Takes Gold mine in Crenides

  Diodorus: "bribed many Greeks to betray their homelands"

  "ample supply of money enabled him to make the kingdom of Macedon ever more dominant"
• 356 BC: Philip takes Gold mine in Crenides

  Coin of Philip (From Pella)

  Date: c. 340 BC

  Obverse: -Garlanded head of Apollo

  Reverse: -Chariot + Charioteer holding goad in right hand + reins in other
• 355-53 BC: Philip Takes Methone

  Diodorus- "Methoneans held out, but Philip was too strong for them"

  "with just a single item of clothing each"

  "razed the city to the ground and distributed the farmlands to Macedonians"
• 354 BC: 3rd Sacred War- Thessaly Asks for Assistance

  Diodorus- "Philip, he was reduced to the uttermost perils and his soldiers were so despondent that they had deserted him"
• 353/52 BC: 3rd Sacred War- Battle of Crocus Field

  Diodorus- "Philip won thanks to the numbers and exceptional skill of the Thessalian cavalry"

  "Philip had his body crucified as a temple robber"
• 353/52 BC: 3rd Sacred War- Battle of Crocus Field-- Aftermath

  Diodorus- "Athenians were preventing him from going through the pass, he returned to Macedon, having increased his kingdom by his deeds and by his respect for the god"
• 353/52 BC: 3rd Sacred War- Battle of Crocus Field -- Aftermath

  Justin- "as if he were the defender of sacrilege not the defender of the Thebans"

  "Phocians, seeing these ensigns of the deity, and frighted with the consciousness of guilt, threw down their arms and fled"
• 348 BC: Philip Takes Olynthus

  Demosthenes- "if I saw he had risen to power as a result of acting with justice"

  "there is no associate of his whom he has not cheated"
• 348 BC: Philip Takes Olynthus

  Diodorus- "he bribed the leading men of Olynthus"

  "sell as booty the spoils he plundered from the city and the enslaved inhabitants"
• 348 BC: Philip Takes Olynthus

  Justin- "showed no more integrity in his dealings with his allies"

  "he annihilated a famous old city"
• 346/45 BC: End of the Sacred War

  Diodorus- "see that he was outclassed, so he opened negotiations with Philip about bringing the war to an end"

  "Phaelaecus withdrew under a guarantee of safe passage"
• 346/45 BC: End of Sacred War

  Diodorus- "see that he was outclassed, he opened negotiations with Philip about bringing the war to an end"

  "Phaelaecus withdrew under a guarantee of safe passage"
• 346 BC: Peace of Philocrates

  Demosthenes- "the great benefits that he would confer onto Athens. But now that both peace and alliance are concluded, he says that he does not know what he can do to oblige you"
• Signs of Dominance

  Diodorus- "members of the Council passed a decree admitting Philip and his descendants to the Amphitryonic Council and according him two votes"
• Signs of Dominance

  Demosthenes- "to win for himself the credit of finishing off the Sacred War"