Micro

• Transportation sector


  Rapid development and application of technological innovations enabling tourists to reach many destinations
• Transportation and travel evolution

  1. Pre-Industrial Travel System Era

  2. Early-Industrial Travel System Era

  3. Mature-Railway System Era

  4. Express-Travel System Era

  5. Automobile-Based Travel System Era

  6. Modern-Tourism Travel System Era

  7. Post-Mobility Adjustment Era
• Selection of transportation mode

  • Depends on mode of transport and frequency of use
  • Can turn into separate tourist attraction elements
• Automobile transportation


  • Private cars
  • Vans
  • Buses
• Recreation


  Activity of visiting a place to participate in relaxing or diverting activities from normal routines
• Leisure

  Productive, creative, or contemplative use of free time
• Views of recreation and leisure


  • Public agencies providing parks, playgrounds, etc.
  • Senior centers, sheltered workshops, treatment centers
  • Environmentalists concerned about impact on natural surroundings
• Client profiling


  The process of segmenting clients into different clusters based on common traits and characteristics
• The process of client profiling


  1. Identify the best customers

  2. Survey customers

  3. Extract data from online channels

  4. Create a client profile template

  5. Update regularly
• MICE


  Acronym that stands for meetings, incentives, conventions, and exhibitions
• Recreational participation


  • Travel and tourism
  • Cultural entertainment
  • Participation in arts
  • Hobbies
  • Membership in social clubs
• Types of attractions


  • Natural attractions
  • Purpose built attractions
  • Heritage attractions
  • Recreation attractions
  • Commercial attractions
  • Industrial attractions
• Travel motivation


  The satisfaction-forming factor in tourists
• MICE makes up a big part of global business travel since every industry has regular events of some kind
• The main goal of MICE is to bring professionals together, foster connections, promote new ideas, and push growth
• Challenges faced by recreation and leisure service field


  • Serve diverse society
  • Emphasize key social purposes
  • Achieve fuller public understanding
  • Upgrade programs and facilities
  • Adopt benefits-based management
  • Promote recreation's identity as health-related field
  • Develop partnerships with environmental organizations
  • Expand and improve family-centered programs
  • Promote higher values and ethical practices in youth sports
  • Strive for fuller mainstreaming of persons with disabilities
  • Plan for long-term role of recreation and leisure
  • Develop higher levels of professionalism
• Gaming entertainment


  Subset of gaming industry, refers to casino gaming business and all its aspects
• Games and facilities found inside the casino

  • Table games
  • Card games
  • Slot machines/video games
  • Keno and bingo
  • Race and sports books
  • Casino cage
  • Surveillance
  • Ancillary departments
• Types of travel motivation factors


  • Internal factors
  • External factors
• Internal factors of motivation

  Intrinsic motivation that drives tourists to seek intangible rewards such as fun, assurance, and other emotional needs
• Traditionally, MICE encompasses mostly business events. Leisure events like concerts or festivals fall into a different category
• Many organizers now add leisure elements to larger events to better engage attendees and create a more memorable experience
• Reasons for visiting casinos

  • Lure of gambling
  • Recreation and entertainment
  • Social
  • Economic
  • Curiosity
  • Amenity offerings
• External factors of motivation

  Extrinsic motivation where a tourist gets motivated by external factors such as money and the need to feel competent on the scale of expenditure and performance
• External factors affecting tourist travel decisions

  • Place of origin
  • Family and age
  • Culture
  • Social class
  • Market
• Four pillars of MICE

  • Meetings
  • Incentives
  • Conventions
  • Exhibitions
• Factors affecting tourist behavior

  • Geographical factors
  • Social factors
  • Place of origin
  • Tourism destination
  • Education of tourist
• Marketing strategies for tourism and hospitality providers

  • Understand your customers
  • Optimize your website
  • Focus on mobile
  • Be social
  • Live video marketing
  • Send those emails
  • Accept online bookings
  • Tap into the power of reviews
  • Blog
  • Focus on experience
  • Engage micro-influencers
  • Set goals, monitor, and optimize
• The online travel booking market was worth 765 billion USD in 2017 and is expected to generate 1,955 billion USD by 2026
• Over 57% of all travel reservations (e.g., including accommodation, tours, activities, and flights) are made online
• Meetings


  • Usually single-day events held in hotel conference rooms or at convention centers
  • Can vary in size from only a small group of senior executives to larger gatherings
  • Purpose is to bring together people from one company, industry, or project to address challenges, discuss plans, and set goals
  • Catering is often kept simple, and there is rarely an entertainment program
• Forms of meetings


  • Clinic
  • Forum
  • Seminar
  • Symposium
  • Workshop
  • Conference
  • Colloquium
  • Panel
  • Lecture
• Incentives


  • Travel rewards a company offers to individual staff, teams, or partners
  • Goal is to thank people for their great performance, boost morale, or increase employee loyalty
  • Can take different forms depending on the company organizing them
• Conventions


  • Larger meetings that include some form of exposition or trade shows
  • Several associations have one or more conventions per year and raise a large part of the association's budget
  • Typical convention format includes welcome registration, introduction of association president, president's welcome speech, keynote address, exposition booths, workshops/presentations, luncheon, vendor's private receptions, and dinner
• Exhibitions


  • Also referred to as trade shows
  • Usually massive events that draw thousands of visitors and exhibitors worldwide
  • Can last anywhere from several days to a week
  • Industry-specific and have a well-defined target market
  • Exhibitors go to present and promote their products or service, drive business, and liaise with existing and potential partners
  • Industry professionals go to network, find clients or jobs, and discover new ways to solve problems
• Activities at exhibitions


  • Networking events
  • Awards
  • New business pitches
• MICE


  Acronym that stands for meetings, incentives, conventions, and exhibitions
• Key players in the MICE industry

  • Meeting planners
  • Convention and Visitors Bureau (CVB)
• Meeting planners


  • Responsible for pre-meeting activities, on-site activities, and post-meeting activities
• MICE makes up a big part of global business travel since every industry has regular events of some kind