Review

• Software


  Intangible component of computer (already created)
• Program


  Step by step instructions created by programmers. It is composed of different codes (depends on class of output)
• Programmers


  Persons creating the program or software
• Programming languages


  Languages that programmers use in creating a program or software
• Classification of software


  • System software
  • Application software
• System software


  Serves as the commander of the computer. Incharge of commanding and directing
• Types of system software


  • Operating system
  • System utilities
• Operating system


  Most important program/software. It serves as the link between the hardware and application software. Without the operating system, you cannot install any application software
• Examples of operating systems


  • Microsoft Windows (Windows 9x, Windows ME, Windows 2000/Windows NT, Windows XP, Windows Vista)
  • Macintosh (MacOS)
  • Linux
  • Unix
• System utilities


  Software that can be enhanced or improves the operation of the computer. It assists the user by improving his/her productivity
• Application software


  Software used for specific purpose, located in operating system
• Examples of application software


  • Word
  • Powerpoint
  • Canva
  • Excel
• Icons of command


  Menu bars, toolbars (where user manipulates the computer)
• Graphical user interface (GUI)


  You are using the icons of command
• Types of user interface


  • Graphical user interface (GUI)
  • Command line user interface (CLU)
• Graphical user interface (GUI)


  Interact by clicking the commands. Displays rectangular/graphical icons (tiny pictures) that represent various comments
• Command line user interface (CLU)


  Interacting the computer by typing the command. It requires a user to have a good memory of commands to perform an operation
• Icons


  Symbols that represent tools/menu bars
• Central processing unit (CPU)


  Center (Central), Only part of the computer that is incharge of processing the data, It is the heart of the computer
• CPU


  • It is the internal component that cannot be seen from outside of the system, This cannot be seen without removing the CPU Heatsink and Fan, It is the most expensive part of the computer
• CPU


  • It should be under this parts: Fan (represents as exhaust fan), Heatsink (it absorbs the heat)
• Parts of CPU


  • Control unit (CU)
  • Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
  • Register
• Control unit (CU)


  It reads and interprets the input data, We are inputting the messages through electricity, It controls the flow of the instruction/data in and out of the primary storage
• Binary format


  Only language that the electricity could read, accept, and understand, All the letters and symbols are being transferred to the binary, Composed of ones and zeros (8 bits), 8 bits is equivalent to 1 byte
• Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)


  This is where the execution of instruction/data happens
• Register


  Used to store data/instruction inside the processor temporarily, It is the memory located inside the CPU
• RAM


  Is our primary storage. It stores the data while typing in the secondary data
• Buses


  The data or instructions travel in the chips via electric pathways
• American standard code for information interchange (ASCII)


  It determines the representation of numbers by a series of binary digits, All CPUs have ASCII installed in it