TOPIC 3

• Highly modernized, automated, data-driven, and technologically advanced-these best describe our society nowadays, as evidenced by how information could be transferred or quickly.
• The different areas of society have been influenced tremendously such as communication, economics, industry, health, and environment.
• Despite our gains due to the growing development of information technology, the rapid upgrade of information also has disadvantages.
• Life is accompanied by endless transmission of information that takes place within outside the human body. According to Webster‘
• 3000 BC


  Sumerian writing used pictographs to represent words.
• 2900BC

  Beginning of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing
• 1300BC


  Tortoise shell and oracle bone writing were used
• 500BC


  Papyrus roll was used
• 220BC 


  Chinese small seal writing was developed
• 100AD 


  Book (parchment codex)
• 105AD 


  Woodblock printing and paper was invented by Chinese
• 1455


  Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press using movable metal type
• 1755


  Samuel Johnson‘s dictionary standardized English spelling
• 1802 


  • The Library of Congress was established
  • Invention of the carbon arc lamp
• 1824


  Research on persistence of vision published
• 1830s


  • First viable design for a digital computer
  • Augusta Lady Byron writes the world‘s first computer program 1
• 1837


  Invention of the telegraph in Great Britain and the United States
• 1861 


  Motion pictures were projected onto the screen
• 1876


  Dewey Decimal system was introduced
• 1877


  Edwaerd Muybridge demonstrated high-speed photography
• 1899


  First magnetic recordings were released
• 1902


  Motion picture special effects were used
• 1906


  Lee Deforest invented the electronic amplifying tube
• 1923 


  Television camera tube was invented by Zvorkyn
• 1926 


  First practical sound movie
• 1939 


  Regularly scheduled television broadcasting began in the US
• 1940s 


  Beginnings of information science as a discipline
• 1945 


  Vannevar Bush foresaw the invention of hypertext
• 1946


  ENIAC computer was developed
• 1948


  Birth of field- of- information theory proposed by Claude E. Shannon
• 1957


  Planar transistor was developed by Jean Hoerni
• 1958


  First integrated circuit
• 1960s


  Library of Congress developed LC MARC (machine-readable code)
• 1969


  UNIX operating system was developed, which could handle multitasking
• 1971 


  Intel introduced the first microprocessor chip
• 1972


  Optical laserdisc was developed by Philips and MCA
• 1974


  MCA and Philips agreed on a standard videodisc encoding format
• 1975 


  Altair Microcomputer Kit was released: first personal computer for the public.
• 1977 


  RadioShack introduced the first complete personal computer
• 1984 


  Apple Macintosh computer was introduced