UCSP Lesson 1

• Acronyms


  • SSS
  • GSIS
  • DOTR
  • PHS
  • DFA
  • WWF
• Any state in the world formulates its own government agency to achieve the needs of its people
• In most democratic societies, the state government allows business individuals, corporations, and non-profit organizations to deliver goods and services for the citizens
• Country


  Can be associated with how a family functions
• Actions parents must take to care for a family

  • Feed the family
  • Provide proper clothing
  • Send children to school
  • Give a decent shelter
  • Give medicine in times of sickness
  • Save some budget or resources in case of emergency
• No matter how parents work to make both ends meet, there are always some issues left undone
• Family remains as a family no matter how imperfect they are
• Children's role in the family

  Being responsible and sensitive individuals who do their own share
• The government is at its best in providing the necessity of its people by allocating all its resources to meet the demands of its citizenry
• Like an ordinary family, no matter how the government work to make both ends meet, there is always some issues that needs to be worked upon
• Non-state institutions are created to back up the government in filling in the gap between the state and its people
• Non-state institutions produce results that uplift the condition of the people in general
• Non-state institutions


  • Banks
  • Corporations
  • Trade unions
  • Cooperatives
  • Development agencies
  • Civil organizations
  • Transnational advocacy group
• Political Science


  The systematic study of the state and government
• Political Science is a social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, nation, government, and politics and policies of government
• Models of social institutions


  • Communist, based on command economy
  • Democracy, based on capitalist economy
• Communist countries are governed by their respective governments alone and do not allow private companies or individuals to do business
• Democracy is a kind of government based on capitalism where the government provides the major industries but allows private entities or individuals to produce goods and services for the people
• In a democracy, citizens are given much freedom to choose for themselves
• Political organizations may refer to the structure or the way power is embedded in societies, it plays a vital role in people's lives especially in modern societies
• History proves that since ancient times we humans have had invented ways of organizing ourselves into political organizations
• Political organization


  Any entity that is involved in the political process, it includes political institutions, political parties and political groups
• Purpose of political organizations

  To control people's behavior or maintain social order and the distribution of power within a group
• Four main types of political organization

  • Band
  • Tribe
  • Chiefdom
  • State
• Band


  • Basic social unit, natural grouping of humans consisting typically of few extended families united by strong family ties, politically independent, nomadic, egalitarian
• Tribe


  • Collection of bands or lineage groups that share a similar language and occupy a distinct territory, may be formed to collaborate in sharing and storing food or in response to certain circumstances like war, typically egalitarian, potential to become a more complicated form of government such as chiefdom
• Chiefdom


  • Political organization led by a chief who holds power over more than one community group, more densely populated than a tribe, not egalitarian but instead have social ranks, chief and his family hold power, usually chosen by heredity, practice redistribution in which goods are accumulated by one central person or power who then decides how to allocate them among the people, no bureaucracy and written laws
• State


  • Centralized political structure that administers a large population, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience and enjoying freedom from external control, includes a bureaucratic structure, most formal and complex form of political organizations, socially stratified into distinct classes not according to one's relationship to the chief or leader but in terms of wealth, power and prestige
• Authority


  The right to command or the power to give orders or enforce rules
• Legitimacy


  Public recognition or popular acceptance of the authority of a governing power
• Types of political legitimacy

  • Traditional legitimacy
  • Charismatic legitimacy
  • Rational-legal legitimacy
• Traditional legitimacy


  • Stems from societal custom, convention and habit that stress the history of the authority, often selected based on inheritance
• Charismatic legitimacy


  • Based on the personal charisma or inspiring ideas of a leader, a person whose imposing personality attracts and influences the people to agree with his government's regime and rule
• Rational-legal legitimacy


  • Popular acceptance of authority derives from a system of rules that is applied administratively and judicially, based on public trust and confidence that the government will properly abide by the law and other sensible political principles
• State Institutions


  Institutions supported in whole or part by general fund money, such as schools, hospitals, some banks and corporations
• Certain organizations help keep these basic state institutions in place
• Examples of state institutions

  • Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)
  • Local Government Units (LGU)
  • Department of Education (DepEd)
  • Different branches of the government
• Purpose of state institutions

  Fulfil the wishes of the Philippine State: public service and public control
• Non-State Institutions


  Groups or organizations which operate outside the support of any state or government, develop certain services needed by the members of the society for their progress
• In a democratic country, major industries must be under the control of the state, but in recent years they are being sold to private entities