7.12 - WWII mobilization

• How mobilization for WWII ended the depression

  US spent its way out of depression, proving what the new deal didn't
• War production board

  Purpose: to manage war industries
• Office of war mobilization

  Purpose: to set production priorities and control raw materials
• Office of price administration

  Purpose: to fight wartime inflation, regulating almost every aspect of citizens lives. Resistance: led to a black market
• Office of research and development

  Purpose: to contact scientists and universities to help in the development of electronics like radar, sonar, penicillin, jet engines, rockets. Manhattan project: produced first atomic weapons
• Office of war info

  Controlled news about troop movements and battles. Media reflected a cheerful and patriotic view of the war
• Businesses that benefitted from war time production

  Tanks, fighter planes, large corporations
• Businesses that don't benefit from war time production

  Small businesses didn't receive government contracts, coal miners
• How did government finance the war effort

  Increasing the income tax, selling war bonds
• How Roosevelt contributed to the lessening of discrimination during the war

  He issued an executive order to prohibit discrimination in government and businesses that received federal contracts
• Double V campaign

  Causes: race riots in 1943 and continued discrimination. "Victory over fascism abroad and victory of equality at home"
• Congress of racial equality

  1942, to work more militantly for African American interests
• Smith v allwright 1944


  Ruled that it was unconstitutional to deny membership in political parties to African Americans as a way of excluding them from voting in primaries
• Circumstances of Japanese internment

  causes: irrational fears due to the attack on Pearl Harbor and racism. Consequences: 1988, government agreed that it was unjust and awarded money to those still alive
• War effects on women

  Took jobs vacated by men in uniform, many worked industrial jobs, married women increased, became more independent
• Braceros

  Mexican farm workers, entered as temporary residents
• Zoot suit riots

  Where whites and Mexican Americans battled on the streets of LA
• Korematsu v US 1944


  Upheld the governments internment policy as justified in wartime
• Rosie the riveter

  Used to encourage women to take defense jobs
• How the ideal of band of brothers affected ideas about discrimination

  Band of brothers: working together in defense plants helped to reduce prejudices