b9

• what is cellular respiration

  an exothermic reaction that occurs continuously in living cells
• what is the equation for aerobic respiration?

  glucose+oxygen ---> carbon dioxide+water
• what does the energy transferred enable?

  muscle contract
• what happens to the body during respiration?

  -there is a increase demand for energy
• how does the body respond to excersice?

  -an increase in the heart rate,in the breathing rate and in the breath volume

  -glycogen stores in the muscles are converted to glucose for cellular respiration

  -the flow of oxygenated blood to the muscles increases.
• what happens when the muscles work hard for a long time?

  they become fatigue and don't contract efficiently
• what happens when the muscles don't get enough oxygen?

  they will respire anaerobically
• what is anaerobic respiration?

  respiration without oxygen
• what is anaerobic respiration?

  respiration without oxygen
• what happens when anaerobic respiration takes place in an animal cell?

  glucose is incompletely broken down to form lactic acid
• what is anaerobic breakdown?

  glucose transfers less energy than aerobic respiration
• what happens after excerisce?

  oxygen is still needed to convert the accumulated lactic acid into glucose.

  the amount of oxygen needed is known as the oxygen debt
• anerobic respiration in plant cells?


  result in production of ethanol and carbon dioxide
• what is metabolism?


  sum of all the reactions in the body
• what does metabolism include?

  the conversion of glucose to starch,glycogen and cellulose

  formation of lipid molecules

  the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids,which are used to synthesise proteins to form urea
• what does blood flowing through the muscle transport?

  lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back to glucose