Explanation of Depression

• What is the main assumption of the cognitive approach?

  Our thought processes shape our behaviour and should be studied scientifically
• What is a schema?

  A cognitive framework, gained from experience, which helps organise and interpret new information in the world.
• What is musturbatory thinking?

  Thinking that certain ideas must be true in order for an individual to be happy
• What is Ellis’ ABC model (1962)?


  A cognitive approach to understanding depression focusing on the effect of irrational beliefs on emotions
• What is Beck’s Negative Triad (1967)?


  A cognitive approach to understanding depression focusing on how negative schemas about the self, world and future lead to depression
• Outline Ellis' ABC model

  A = (A)ctivating event --> B = Irrational (B)elief --> C = (C)onsequence -(depression)
• How does someone acquire such negative schemas according to Beck?

  Through their childhood - parental / peer rejection or criticisms by teachers etc
• What are systematic cognitive biases?


  Drawing sweeping conclusions regarding self-worth on the basis of one small piece of negative feedback
• What is an example of a systematic cognitive bias?


  Performing poorly on a test and making the sweeping conclusion that you are rubbish at everything