families

• welcome to this aq8 GCSE sociology revision blast today we are focusing on perspectives on families which is part of paper one
• 60-second challenge

  1. Match the key phrases to their definition

  2. Match the letters on the left with the numbers on the right

  3. Have a pen and a piece of paper ready
• Conjugal roles

  The roles men and women or same-sex Partners in a marriage or other partnership in the home
• Dual burden


  The situation for women in which they go out to work and still take on the main responsibility for the housekeeping and child care
• Nuclear family


  A family consisting of two parents male and female and their children
• Privatized nuclear family


  A family structure where the nuclear family is separated from its wider kin and has become more home centered and inward looking
• Symmetrical family


  Where male and female roles are similar, both Partners contribute in terms of domestic chores and child care
• Triple shift


  The situation where women go out to work and do most of the housework but they also get emotional work added onto that
• Warm bath theory


  Talcott Parsons theory that the family helps with the stabilization of adult personalities through the removal of stress
• Unit of consumption


  A group such as a family who buy and use goods and services together
• Connection wall


  1. Divide the phrases into 4 groups of 4

  2. Identify which are linked to Murdoch's 4 functions of the family

  3. Identify which are linked to Wilmot and Young's 4 stages of family

  4. Identify the 4 Rappaport types of family diversity

  5. Identify the link between the remaining 4 phrases
• Murdoch's 4 functions of the family

  • Sex within marriage
  • Education
  • Reproduction
  • Economic
• Wilmot and Young's 4 stages of family

  • Pre-industrial
  • Early industrial
  • Symmetrical
  • Asymmetrical
• Rappaport types of family diversity

  • Cohort
  • Organizational
  • Life course
  • Cultural and ethnic
• New right argument about decline of nuclear family

  • Declining moral standards
  • Lack of male role models
  • Higher rates of crime and deviancy
  • Dependence on handouts from the state
• Parsons' warm bath theory means the family provides relaxation from the stress of Modern Life, married couples provide mutual comfort and support, and this was dependent on a male Breadwinner and female Homemaker situation
• Families serve the interests of capitalism by: workers less likely to complain about jobs if they have a family to support, families provide emotional support so workers can cope with tedious work, advertising persuades families they need to buy stuff, capitalism focuses on families to sell stuff to
• Families reinforce patriarchal values by: socializing girls into the housewife role, women doing most of the domestic and emotional work, giving girls toys that reinforce gender roles
• Murdoch's 4 functions of the family

  • Education
  • Economic support
  • Sexual regulation
  • Reproduction
• Traditionally associated with women's role in the family

  • Unpaid domestic labor
  • Child Care
  • Emotional labor
• Gender roles

  The roles that individuals are expected to fulfill based on their socialized gender identity
• Symmetrical family

  A division of labor in the home where male and female roles are similar, both Partners contribute to domestic chores and child care
• Feminist Delphine Leonard sees gender roles and division of labor in the home as patriarchal, controlling, and oppressive, not functional
• Dual burden

  Women going out to work but still largely responsible for domestic chores at home
• Factors in socializing people into gender roles in the home include role modeling, canalization (giving gendered toys), and manipulation (treating boys and girls differently)
• According to Marx's Saresky, capitalists benefit from gender-specific roles in the home
• Benefits of nuclear family according to functionalists

  • Primary socialization
  • Emotional stability
  • Male and female role models
• Issues with nuclear family according to feminists

  • Reinforces dual burden
  • Canalization of gender roles
  • Men benefit more than women
• Functionists are criticized for focusing on traditional Family Values
• Functionists do recognize that dysfunction in the family exists
• Marxists suggest the family serves the needs of the patriarchy, not just capitalism
• Feminists criticize other theorists for ignoring the oppression and exploitation of women
• Functionists view divorce as resulting from increasing expectations of relationships
• 60-second challenge to match family types

  1. Traditional nuclear family

  2. Single parent family

  3. Family diversity

  4. Living apart together

  5. Same-sex couple

  6. Reconstituted/blended family

  7. Cohabitation

  8. Boomerang family