FUNDAMENTAL IDEAS AND CONCEPTS ABOUT SOCIETY

• SOCIETY

  • WORD ORIGIN: The term society emerged in the fifteenth century and is derived from the French société. The French word, in turn, had its origin in the Latin societas, "a friendly association with others," from socius meaning "companion, associate, comrade or business partner.“
• SOCIETY

  • DEFINITION: In simple sense, society is a large grouping that shares the simple geographical territory, shares a common culture and social structure, and expected to abide by some laws. A complex web of social relationships, norms, institutions, and structures that shape human behavior and interaction
• SOCIETY

  • A complex of groups in reciprocal relationships
  • Interacting upon one another
  • Enabling people to carry on their life activities
  • Helping each person to fulfill his/her wishes
  • Accomplish his/her interest in association with his/her fellows
• COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY

  • CULTURAL NORMS - Shared beliefs, values, and practices that guide behavior and shape social interactions.
• COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY

  EXAMPLE OF CULTURAL NORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES

  • Personal Space Greeting Customs
  • Table Manners
  • Eye Contact
  • Dress Code
  • Gender Roles
  • Respecting Elders
  • Waiting in Line
  • Punctuality
  • Respecting Personal Property
• COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY

  • SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS - Established patterns of behavior organized around particular purposes, such as family, education, religion, economy, and government.
• COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY

  EXAMPLES OF SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

  • Family
  • Education
  • Religion
  • Government
  • Health and Medicare
  • Sports and Recreation
• COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY

  • SOCIAL HIERARCHIES - Systems of ranking individuals or groups within society based on factors like wealth, power, and social status.
• COMPONENTS OF SOCIETY

  Examples of Social Hierarchies

  • Feudal System- Kings, Nobles, Knights, Clergy, Peasants
  • Caste System- Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and landowners), Shudras (laborers and service providers, Dalits (untouchables)
  • Corporate Hierarchy
  • Academic Hierarchy
  • Political Hierarchy
• SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

  • STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM - Emphasizes the interdependence of social institutions and their roles in maintaining social order and stability
• SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

  • CONFLICT THEORY - Focuses on power struggles and inequality within society, highlighting how dominant groups maintain control over resources and perpetuate social hierarchies
• SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

  • SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM - Examines how individuals construct meaning through social interactions, emphasizing the role of symbols and language in shaping social reality
• Society


  Consists of people - without people there can be no society, no social relationships and no social life at all
• NATURE OF SOCIETY

  • Society consists of people - without people there can be no society, no social relationships and no social life at all
• NATURE OF SOCIETY

  • Mutual awareness and mutual interaction - Society is a group of people in continuous interactions with each other. A social interaction is made possible because of mutual awareness. Society is understood as a network of social relations. Thus, social relationship implies mutual awareness
• NATURE OF SOCIETY

  • Cooperation and division of labor - division of labor involves the assignment to each unit or group of specific share of common tasks
• NATURE OF SOCIETY

  • Society is dynamic - no society can even remain constant for any length of time
• NATURE OF SOCIETY

  • Social control - Absolute freedom makes man`s life like other animal beings. So society has its own ways of controlling the behavior of its members. (e.g informal,-customs, folkways, manners, traditions, formal- laws, constitution, ordinances, resolutions)