1st Quarter

• Crust - The outermost thinnest layer where life exist
• Minerals like calcium and sodium can be found in the crust
• 3 available resources in the crust:

  • Oil
  • Water
  • Gas
• Continental Crust is a 40 - 70km thick landmass mainly composed of aluminum silicates
• Oceanic Crust is a 5km thickness in the ocean floor composed of basaltic rocks made up of magnesium silicates
• Mantle - It is a layer where most of the earth's heat is located due to its thickness
• Mantle is a semisolid, rocky, and very hot layer
• The mantle's thickness is measured for about 2,900 km
• The mantle makes up 80% of earth and carries most of its mass
• The mantle is composed of ferro magnesium and silicate rocks
• The temperature of the top layer of the mantle is 900°C
• As it goes deeper, the mantle's temperature increases from 1000°C to 3,700°C
• The mantle is divided into 3 parts:

  • Lithosphere
  • Asthenosphere
  • Lower Mantle
• Asthenosphere- It is a soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats and it can bend like plastic
• Lithosphere- The uppermost part of the mantle and the crust together form a rigid layer that can break under stress
• Lower Mantle - Located beneath the asthenosphere in which it is solid
• The Core - The central part of the Earth, where the Earth's magnetic field is strongest.
• The core is made up of:

  • Metals
  • Iron
  • Nickel
• Inner Core - It is a solid layer that is made up almost entirely of iron
• Why does the inner core remains solid?

  It remains solid because it is under extreme amount of pressure
• Outer Core - a liquid layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core
• The Outer Core is made up of:

  • Molten
  • Nickel
  • Iron