METHODS OF DATA PRESENTATION

• Textual Presentation – data is simply mentioned as mere text, that is generally in a paragraph.
• Tabular Presentation – data is organized using rows and columns.
• Graphical Presentation – data is visually represented using charts, graphs, or diagrams.

  a. Line graph

  b. Bar graph

  c. Pie chart
• Bar Graph - A graph showing vertical bars with lengths proportional to values being compared.
• Pie Chart - A circular chart divided into sectors to show the proportion of different parts of a whole.
• Use a table:

  • to show many and precise numerical values and other specific data in a small space
  • to compare and contrast data values or characteristics among related items, or items with several shared characteristics or variables
  • to show the presence or absence of specific characteristics
• Use a Figure

  • to show trends, patterns, and relationship across and between data sets when the general pattern is more important than the exact data values
  • to summarize research results
  • to present a visual explanation of a sequence of events, procedures, geographic features, or physical characteristics
• Use a Text

  • when you don't have extensive or complicated data to present
  • when putting your data into a table would mean creating a table with 2 or fewer rows or columns
  • when the data that you are planning to present are peripheral to the study or irrelevant to the main study findings
• GENERAL GUIDELINES:

  1. Ensure that display items are self-explanatory – readers can quickly grasp the key points without having to spend extra time deciphering what they mean.
  2. Refer, but don’t repeat – avoid repetitive language use transitional phrases.
  3. Be consistent – consistent formatting, terminology, and scales across all display items.
  4. Give clear, informative titles – clear and informative titles for display items such as graphs, charts, and tables