FUNDAMENTAL IDEAS AND CONCEPTS ABOUT SCIENCE

• SCIENCE

  • WORD ORIGIN: “Scientia” (Latin) = KNOWLEDGE
• SCIENCE

  • DEFINITION: Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence.
• SCIENCE

  • PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW: Science is an attempt to understand, explain, and predict the world we live in
• Science As an Idea

  • IT INCLUDES IDEAS, THEORIES AND ALL AVAILABLE SYSTEMATIC EXPLANATIONS AND OBSERVATIONS ABOUT THE NATURAL WORLD
• Science As an intellectual activity

  • IT ENCOMPASSES THE SYSTEMATIC AND PRACTICAL STUDY OF THE NATURAL AND PHYSICAL WORLD
• Science As a body of knowledge

  • IT IS A SUBJECT, OR A DISCIPLINE, A FIELD OF STUDY, OR A BODY OF KNOWLEDGE THAT DEALS WITH THE PROCESS OF LEARNING ABOUT THE NATURAL AND PHYSICAL WORLD
• Science As a personal and social activity
• KNOWLEDGE

  • Expertise and skills acquired by a person by experience or education (Oxford Dictionary)
  • It is the comprehension of realities of the universe.
• KNOWLEDGE

  • is a familiarity, awareness, or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning.
• THREE TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

  THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

  • refers to understanding and insights that are based on principles, concepts, and ideas rather than practical or hands-on experience.
  • forms the foundation for understanding a subject and provides a framework for further exploration, analysis, and application.
  • mainly focuses on understanding the concepts and letting the person know what he should do and what steps he should follow
• THREE TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

  PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE

  • also known as applied knowledge or know-how, refers to the ability to apply theoretical understanding and concepts to real-world situations.
  • It involves the acquisition of skills, techniques, and hands-on experience that allow individuals to perform specific tasks or solve practical problems
  • Focuses in making the person understand how he should do it. What is the need for the process, and what can he do to improve the quality and outcome.
• THREE TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

  SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

  • is a systematic and organized body of information that is derived from the scientific method – a rigorous and structured approach to understanding the natural world.
  • It encompasses facts, theories, laws, and principles that have been developed through empirical observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning.
• TWO DISCIPLINES OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

  PURE SCIENCE (Also called basic knowledge)

  • Concerned with basic facts and principles in science It may be Natural Science, Physical Science, Chemical Science
  • also known as basic or fundamental science, is a branch of science that seeks to expand knowledge and understanding of the natural world without necessarily aiming for practical application.
• TWO DISCIPLINES OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

  APPLIED SCIENCE

  • Use of facts and principles of basic science for practically doing and making things
  • also known as technology or engineering, focuses on the practical application of scientific knowledge to solve specific problems or meet practical needs.
  • aims to use existing scientific understanding to develop solutions, technologies, and innovations.
• AIM OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY

  "Explaining the events of nature in a reproducible way and to use these findings to make useful predictions"
• AIM OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY

  • to systematically acquire knowledge and understanding of the natural world through empirical observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning.
• AIM OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY

  • Through the application of the scientific method, scientists seek to generate reliable knowledge that is verifiable, testable, and contributes to the advancement of human understanding and well-being.
• SCIENTIFIC TEMPERANCE

  • Also called as scientific attitude
• Scientific Temper includes:

  • Application of logic and reasoning and more importantly the avoidance of bias and preconceived notions in arriving decisions.
  • Scientific temper becomes particularly valuable while deciding what is best for the community or the nation.
  • Scientific temper has to be an inherent quality
• FUNDAMENTAL FEATURE OF SCIENTIFIC THEORY

  • Scientific Theory should be FALSIFIABLE